Two-Character Letter/Letter Label Comments and Mitigation Measures
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For comments submitted before 6 October 2015, view the archive of comments received.
TLD | Two Characters | Comments from Government | Last updated | RO Mitigation Plan | RO Name | BRAND TLD |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
work | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationwork MitigationBy Minds + Machines Group Limited, Bayern Connect GmbH, Minds + Machines GmbH Registry Operator understands the concern that confusion may arise, and in order to mitigate such concern is willing to commit to: 2016-04-22 | Minds + Machines Group Limited, Bayern Connect GmbH, Minds + Machines GmbH | No |
works | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigation View Documents 2016-04-25 | Donuts Inc. | No |
world | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigation View Documents 2016-04-25 | Donuts Inc. | No |
wow | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationwow MitigationBy Amazon Registry Services, Inc. Amazon Registry Services, Inc. (“ARSI”), the Registry Operator for the .WOW TLD, proposes release of the following 2-character letter-letter combinations: ai, bh, bm, ci, cn, eg, gb, gi, il, in, io, it, kr, ky, me, ms, pt, ru, sg, sh, su, tc, tw, uk, and vn. ARSI further proposes the following measures to avoid confusion with the corresponding country codes. 2016-04-25 | Amazon Registry Services, Inc. | No |
wtf | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigation View Documents 2016-04-25 | Donuts Inc. | No |
xbox | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationxbox MitigationBy Microsoft Corporation Proposed Measure to Avoid Confusion—Brand TLD (Specification 13) 2016-04-05 | Microsoft Corporation | Yes |
xerox | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationxerox MitigationBy Xerox DNHC LLC .XEROX gTLD Confusion Avoidance Plan View Documents 2016-04-21 | Xerox DNHC LLC | Yes |
xin | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationxin MitigationBy Elegant Leader Limited A Proposal to Minimize the Potential Likelihood of Confusion in Connection with the Allocation of Specific Two Character Domain Names View Documents 2016-04-25 | Elegant Leader Limited | No |
xn--3ds443g | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | No | ||
xn--3oq18vl8pn36a | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationxn--3oq18vl8pn36a MitigationBy Volkswagen (China) Investment Co., Ltd. .大众汽车 is a closed Brand TLD for the sole and exclusive use of Volkswagen (China) Investment Co., Ltd. 2016-04-21 | Volkswagen (China) Investment Co., Ltd. | Yes |
xn--55qx5d | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | No | ||
xn--czr694b | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationxn--czr694b MitigationBy HU YI GLOBAL INFORMATION RESOURCES (HOLDING) COMPANY. HONGKONG LIMITED Please see the attached file that details ". 商标" (dot Trademark) (xn--czr694b) View Documents 2016-04-25 | HU YI GLOBAL INFORMATION RESOURCES (HOLDING) COMPANY. HONGKONG LIMITED | No |
xn--czrs0t | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigation View Documents 2016-04-25 | Donuts Inc. | No |
xn--czru2d | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationxn--czru2d MitigationBy Zodiac Registry This “Proposed Measure to Avoid Confusion” is submitted to ICANN on behalf of the Registry Operator of the following TLDs: 2016-04-22 | Zodiac Registry | No |
xn--fiq228c5hs | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | No | ||
xn--fjq720a | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigation View Documents 2016-04-25 | Donuts Inc. | No |
xn--g2xx48c | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationxn--g2xx48c MitigationBy Minds + Machines Group Limited, Bayern Connect GmbH, Minds + Machines GmbH Registry Operator understands the concern that confusion may arise, and in order to mitigate such concern is willing to commit to: 2016-04-22 | Minds + Machines Group Limited, Bayern Connect GmbH, Minds + Machines GmbH | No |
xn--gk3at1e | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationxn--gk3at1e MitigationBy Amazon Registry Services, Inc. Amazon Registry Services, Inc. (“ARSI”), the Registry Operator for the .xn--gk3at1e TLD, proposes release of the following 2-character letter-letter combinations: ai, bh, bm, ci, cn, eg, gb, gi, il, in, io, it, kr, ky, me, ms, pt, ru, sg, sh, su, tc, tw, uk, and vn. ARSI further proposes the following measures to avoid confusion with the corresponding country codes. 2016-04-25 | Amazon Registry Services, Inc. | No |
xn--io0a7i | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | No | ||
xn--kcrx77d1x4a | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationxn--kcrx77d1x4a MitigationBy Koninklijke Philips N.V. Registry Operator will not register two letter SLDs that are equal to ccTLDs under its gTLD, unless: 2016-03-08 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Yes |
xn--ngbe9e0a | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | No | ||
xn--ses554g | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | No | ||
xn--unup4y | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigation View Documents 2016-04-25 | Donuts Inc. | No |
xn--vermgensberater-ctb | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | No | ||
xn--vermgensberatung-pwb | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | No | ||
xn--vhquv | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigation View Documents 2016-04-25 | Donuts Inc. | No |
xn--vuq861b | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | No | ||
xn--w4r85el8fhu5dnra | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | No | ||
xn--w4rs40l | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | Yes | ||
xperia | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationxperia MitigationBy Sony Mobile Communications AB Provide a brief explanation of the TLD: 2016-04-25 | Sony Mobile Communications AB | Yes |
xxx | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationxxx MitigationBy ICM Registry Protections 2016-04-19 | ICM Registry | No |
xyz | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | No | ||
yachts | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationyachts MitigationBy DERAutos LLC, DERBoats LLC, DERHomes LLC, DERMotorcycles LLC, DERYachts LLC (collective Dominion Registries) See attached document View Documents 2016-04-26 | DERAutos LLC, DERBoats LLC, DERHomes LLC, DERMotorcycles LLC, DERYachts LLC (collective Dominion Registries) | No |
yodobashi | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationyodobashi MitigationBy YODOBASHI CAMERA CO.,LTD. 2 Letter Codes Mitigation Plan for YODOBASHI TLDs 2016-04-25 | YODOBASHI CAMERA CO.,LTD. | Yes |
yoga | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationyoga MitigationBy Minds + Machines Group Limited, Bayern Connect GmbH, Minds + Machines GmbH Registry Operator understands the concern that confusion may arise, and in order to mitigate such concern is willing to commit to: 2016-04-22 | Minds + Machines Group Limited, Bayern Connect GmbH, Minds + Machines GmbH | No |
yokohama | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationyokohama MitigationBy GMO Registry About .YOKOHAMA 2016-04-25 | GMO Registry | No |
zappos | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationzappos MitigationBy Amazon Registry Services, Inc. Amazon Registry Services, Inc. (“ARSI”), the Registry Operator for the .Brand TLDs .AUDIBLE, .AWS, .FIRE, .IMDB, .KINDLE, .PRIME, .SILK, and .ZAPPOS (collectively, “the .Brand TLDs”) proposes release of the following 2-character letter-letter combinations: : ai, bh, bm, ci, cn, eg, il, in, io, it, kr, ky, me, ms, pt, ru, sg, sh, su, tc, or tw. 2016-04-25 | Amazon Registry Services, Inc. | Yes |
zara | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigationzara MitigationBy INDITEX, S.A. .ZARA TLD is a closed Brand new gTLD operated by Inditex S.A. 2016-04-20 | INDITEX, S.A. | Yes |
zone | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | View Mitigation View Documents 2016-04-25 | Donuts Inc. | No |
zuerich | pt | View Comments 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | No | ||
abogado | es | View Comments 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | View Mitigationabogado MitigationBy Minds + Machines Group Limited, Bayern Connect GmbH, Minds + Machines GmbH Registry Operator understands the concern that confusion may arise, and in order to mitigate such concern is willing to commit to: 2016-04-22 | Minds + Machines Group Limited, Bayern Connect GmbH, Minds + Machines GmbH | No |
bank | es | View Comments 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | View Mitigationbank MitigationBy fTLD Registry Services, LLC Please see the attached file that details fTLD Registry Services' implementation plan for .BANK and .INSURANCE to avoid confusion with corresponding country codes. View Documents 2016-04-20 | fTLD Registry Services, LLC | No |
bingo | es | View Comments 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | View Mitigation View Documents 2016-04-25 | Donuts Inc. | No |
bio | es | View Comments 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | View Mitigationbio MitigationBy Starting Dot This response applies across all two-character labels. View Documents 2016-04-25 | Starting Dot | No |
book | es | View Comments 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | View Mitigationbook MitigationBy Amazon Registry Services, Inc. Amazon Registry Services, Inc. (“ARSI”), the Registry Operator for the .BOOK TLD, proposes release of the following 2-character letter-letter combinations: ai, bh, bm, ci, cn, eg, es, il, in, io, it, kr, ky, me, ms, pt, ru, sg, sh, su, tc, and tw. ARSI further proposes the following measures to avoid confusion with the corresponding country codes. 2016-04-25 | Amazon Registry Services, Inc. | No |
broker | es | View Comments 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | View Mitigationbroker MitigationBy dotBroker Registry, dotCFD Registry, dotForex Registry, dotMarkets Registry, dotSpreadbetting Registry, dotTrading Registry [collectively, the "Boston Ivy Registry"] Please find attached a document which outlines the Registry's plans to avoid confusion in respect of the below TLDs: View Documents 2016-04-21 | dotBroker Registry, dotCFD Registry, dotForex Registry, dotMarkets Registry, dotSpreadbetting Registry, dotTrading Registry [collectively, the "Boston Ivy Registry"] | No |
casino | es | View Comments 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | View Mitigation View Documents 2016-04-25 | Donuts Inc. | No |
forex | es | View Comments 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | View Mitigationforex MitigationBy dotBroker Registry, dotCFD Registry, dotForex Registry, dotMarkets Registry, dotSpreadbetting Registry, dotTrading Registry [collectively, the "Boston Ivy Registry"] Please find attached a document which outlines the Registry's plans to avoid confusion in respect of the below TLDs: View Documents 2016-04-21 | dotBroker Registry, dotCFD Registry, dotForex Registry, dotMarkets Registry, dotSpreadbetting Registry, dotTrading Registry [collectively, the "Boston Ivy Registry"] | No |
juegos | es | View Comments 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | No | ||
pharmacy | es | View Comments 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | View Mitigationpharmacy MitigationBy National Association of Boards of Pharmacy Background View Documents 2016-04-25 | National Association of Boards of Pharmacy | No |
theater | es | View Comments 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | View Mitigation View Documents 2016-04-25 | Donuts Inc. | No |
theatre | es | View Comments 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | No | ||
vin | es | View Comments 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | View Mitigation View Documents 2016-04-25 | Donuts Inc. | No |
wine | es | View Comments 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | View Mitigation View Documents 2016-04-25 | Donuts Inc. | No |
xxx | my | View Comments 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | View Mitigationxxx MitigationBy ICM Registry Protections 2016-04-19 | ICM Registry | No |
airforce | nz | View Comments 2015-11-10 | 2015-11-10 | View Mitigation View Documents 2016-04-25 | United TLD Holdco | No |
army | nz | View Comments 2015-11-10 | 2015-11-10 | View Mitigation View Documents 2016-04-25 | United TLD Holdco | No |
navy | nz | View Comments 2015-11-10 | 2015-11-10 | View Mitigation View Documents 2016-04-25 | United TLD Holdco | No |
abb | aa | View Comments 2015-11-02 | 2015-11-02 | View Mitigationabb MitigationBy ABB Ltd Provide a brief explanation of the TLD: 2016-04-25 | ABB Ltd | Yes |
tab | na | View Comments 2015-10-30 | 2015-10-30 | View Mitigationtab MitigationBy Tabcorp Holdings Limited Proposed Measure to Avoid Confusion—Brand TLD (Specification 13) 2016-04-22 | Tabcorp Holdings Limited | Yes |
pt Comments
By Ana Cristina Ferreira Amoroso das Neves, Director, Department Information Society, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education
I request previous comments to objections to the release of the ".pt" as the SLD signalling 1) consumer protection concerns and confusion; 2) some gTLD correspond to a regulated market in EU countries, so their release might generate possible abuses and confusion at the end-users level and therefore must be subject to authorization by the Portuguese Government; 3) others should remain reserved so that can only be assigned to a person, entity or corporation proposed or accepted by the Portuguese Government, which demands consultations with the Portuguese Government. These comments are due to the ICANN's new process launched on the 6th October 2015 on the use of the 2-letter CC and CN at the SLD, taken into account nonetheless GAC's advice from Dublin Communiqué (October 2015). Confusability exists in all instances since the PT code is widely recognized both on and off the Internet as an identifier for Portugal. In this regard, we are concerned that consumers assume that persons or undertakings operating under "pt.string" not only offer their services in Portugal or products or services related to Portugal but that they comply with applicable regulations. As this may not be warranted by registration policies and contracts, we would request Portuguese Government is consulted before any registration, regardless of the grounds for objection. Portugal reserves the right to change position in this regard in the future.
The Portuguese Government will continue to closely follow the evolution of the market and of the technical and political framework to collect data and evidence to better understand the consequences of such release.
es Comments
By GEMA CAMPILLOS GONZALEZ, Deputy Director on Information Society Services, Ministry of Industry, Energy and Tourism
I request previous comments (signalling consumer protection concerns in most cases and demanding consultations with the Spanish Government before assigning them to second level domain name registrants) be taken into account as the GAC has recommended in its recent Dublin Communiqué (2015).
Confusion with the country identified by the label ".es" underlies comments submitted. Were there not be such an association between the country and the string, there would be no grounds for objecting. Confusability exists in all instances since the ES code is widely recognized both on and off the Internet as an identifier for Spain. Our Government only deems necessary to interfere in the allocation of second level domains with the "es" label where other concerns arising from the association of the string with our country come out.
In this regard, we are concerned that consumers asumme that persons or undertakings operating under "es.string" not only offer their services in Spain or products or services related to Spain but that they comply with applicable regulations. As this may not be warranted by registration policies and contracts, we would request Spanish Government is consulted before these names are registered.
We are open to consider other mitigation plans that effectively address concerns expressed successively by our Government.
my Comments
By Nur Yushan Binti Yusof, Acting Deputy Director, Network media and Security Management Department
We hereby respectfully submit an objection to release of “my” with names in the subject line for its registration by the registry operators of the TLDs.
.MY is the ccTLD representing Malaysia under ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code, duly delegated to MYNIC Berhad by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) with registration record dated 8th June 1987. MY means Malaysia to the Internet community globally and locally. The use of "MY" as SLD in new gTLDs would give the perception that the domain names in question belong to or are related to Malaysia and the Malaysian community.
The preamble to the Government Advisory Committee (GAC) Operating Principles dated April 2005 states that ccTLDs are operated in trust by the Registry for the public interest, including the interest of the Internet community, on behalf of the relevant public authorities including governments, who ultimately have public policy authority over their ccTLDs, consistent with universal connectivity of the Internet. In this context, "MY" officially represents the ccTLD for Malaysia and it is operated in trust by MYNIC Berhad as the duly appointed Registry pursuant to national laws by the Malaysian Communications & Multimedia Commission (MCMC) for the public interest, which includes the interests of the Internet community in Malaysia and globally.
Reference is made to ICANN NGPC Resolution No. 2014.02.05.NG01 and Category 1 Safeguards as Public Interest Commitments in Specification 11 of the new gTLD Registry Agreement. We emphasize on the importance to ensure that these Safeguards are implemented by the Registry operators. We also emphasize on the obligations for Registry Operators to implement measures to avoid confusion and misleading use. Until and unless those measures to avoid confusion and misleading use are implemented by Registry operators, MCMC requests that:-
Registry operator should consult both MCMC and MYNIC on any request for domain name registration of "MY" at the SLD in .XXX TLD.
nz Comments
By Nicola Treloar, GAC Representative for New Zealand, Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment
Please find below comments from the New Zealand Government regarding ICANN’s request to for governments and others who commented on two-character letter/label requests clarify their reasons for commenting, and the statement by ICANN to “note that confusion with the corresponding country code is the standard by which ICANN will evaluate requests and comments submitted under the Authorization Process”.
BASE REGISTRY AGREEMENT REQUIREMENTS
Specification 5 of the Base Registry Agreement states that:
• Two-character label strings may be released to the extent that Registry Operator reaches agreement with the related government and country-code manager of the string as specified in the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 standard.
• The Registry Operator may propose the release of these reservations based on its implementation of measures to avoid confusion with the corresponding country codes, subject to approval by ICANN.
We would note that under the Base Registry Agreement, the requirement to specify how confusion with corresponding country codes will be managed is a requirement that the Registry Operator must specify in its application, rather than a requirement that the related government and country-code manager of the string must fulfil. We would welcome the opportunity to review any measures proposed by the Registry Operator.
PREVIOUS GAC ADVICE
Further, we note the GAC Advice on this matter provided in its GAC Dublin Communique of 21 October 2015. The Communique reiterates GAC’s previous advice on two-character label strings, which recommended that governments´ comments be fully considered. That advice was accepted by Board resolution 2015.02.12.16. The GAC also advised the Board that comments submitted by the relevant Governments be fully considered regardless of the grounds for objection.
NEW ZEALAND POSITION ON USE OF .NZ WITH THE DOMAINS .AIRFORCE, .ARMY, AND .NAVY
Notwithstanding the advice provided in the GAC Dublin Communique of 21 October 2015, we provide the following clarification regarding our concerns with the release of the .nz country code in association with the domains .airforce, .army, and .navy:
• On 25 March 2015 the New Zealand Government advised ICANN that it was unable to agree to the use of its country code in association with the above domain names without further consultation.
• In May 2015, the New Zealand Government contacted the relevant Registry Operator, United TLD Holdco Ltd (‘United TLD’), to outline the reasons behind our response, and to invite United TLD to discuss its request further if it wishes to progress its request.
• We consider the United TLD proposal to use country codes with these domain names, and particularly with the use of ‘nz’, is likely to increase confusion among users. Unlike many country codes, ‘nz’ is a common term used to refer to country of New Zealand. This is demonstrated by the official use of the term ‘NZ Army’ to refer to the land component of the New Zealand Defence Force. This is one of the key reasons behind the moderation of domain names relating to the military within the .nz country code Top Level Domain.
• We also consider the United TLD proposal has the potential to cause reputational harm to the New Zealand Government, in that anyone receiving a communication from the likes of ‘nz.army’, ‘nz.navy’, or ‘nz.airforce’ would have a good probability of assuming it came from the New Zealand Defence Force or a New Zealand Government Service.
• We acknowledge that during the application process for the .army, .navy, and .airforce domains names, these names were identified as likely to cause confusion for users, and that United TLD made additional commitments in order reduce the potential for confusion among users. While these commitments go some way towards addressing concerns about the use of these domain names in general, we do not consider these measures are appropriate to address user confusion and reputational risk when using these domain names in association with country codes.
na Comments
By Ziegie Willemse, Deputy Director - MICT, ICTD
RESPONSE TO APPLICATIONS TO AUTHORIZE TWO-CHARACTER (LETTER-LETTER) DOMAINS AT THE SECOND LEVEL BY GAC REPRESENTATIVE OF THE REPUBLIC OF NAMIBIA: 25 MAY 2015
We hereby respectfully submit an objection to release of “.na" with the names in the subject line for its registration by the registry operators of the TLD. We further request clarification from ICANN regarding the implementation of Specification 5 of the current Registry Agreement preventing all two-character ASCII labels from registration or allocation to a registry operator at the second level within the TLD. However, such two-character label strings may be released to the extent that the registry operator reaches agreement with the relevant government and country code manager of the string as specified in the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 standard (my emphasis added).
".na" is the country code for Namibia and the Applicants are new gTLDs. Save for an agreement between the involved Registry Operators and the Namibian Government, through facilitation by the designated government representative accredited to the GAC, the “.na" with the names in the subject line must remain reserved until assigned to a person or entity proposed, supported or accepted by the Namibian Government and the ccTLD manager for “.na”.
The objection and request for clarification are necessitated based on the following considerations:
· A national policy on the matter is due to be revised to address changes and advances in the Namibian DNS arrangements, which may require such reservations.
· The Namibian Government enacted national legislation on the operation and management of the “.na’ name and these are subject to revision, including ongoing consultations to develop a Namibian solution for the mandate to administer the “.na” name.
· The Namibian Government and wider internet community have limited understanding and appreciation for the two-character ASCII labels authorization process and need urgent and effective capacity building in this critical area from ICANN.
This would allow us to avoid third parties using the name “.na” for the wrong reasons and in a way that could negatively affect the Namibian internet community and the Government of Namibia.
We shall appreciate being informed of the decision taken in regards to our request and objection.
Kind regards,
Henri Jacob Kassen
Director for ICT Development
Ministry of ICT, Government of Namibia