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注册服务商之间的转让政策

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ICANN 提倡并鼓励域名空间领域的有益竞争。因此 , 该组织的注册服务商之间的转让政策 (IRTP) 旨在提供一种程序 , 以使域名持有者可根据自身意愿 , 在 ICANN 认可的注册服务商之间直接转让域名。该政策还对注册服务商如何处理域名持有者的此类转让请求提出了标准的要求。

这项政策是一项现成的机构群体共识 , 于 2004 年下半年开始执行 , 现由 GNSO 进行审核。为了开展审核 , GNSO 委员会成立了一个转让工作组 (TWG) , 以对现有转让政策的可改进方面进行研究并提出建议。 TWG 找出了 20 多个可能需要说明和改进的方面。

除了现已归纳完毕的 IRTP 拒绝原因 PDP ( 政策制定流程 ), GNSO 委员会还向一个短期规划小组分配了评估转让工作组找出的其余 19 个政策问题并排出轻重缓急的任务。 2008 年 3 月 , 该规划组向委员会提交了一份报告 , 建议将相关问题的考虑意见综合为五个新的 PDP 。 2008 年 5 月 8 日 , 委员会采纳了规划组的建议 ,( 除了当前归纳四种拒绝转让原因的转让 PDP 1 之外 ) 再组建五个有关注册服务商之间转让事宜的 PDP 。这五个新 PDP 大体上将依次落实 , 如果资源允许 , 也可能会并行开展。

一个 PDP 解决所谓的 “ 新 IRTP 问题 ”, 处理有关交换注册人电子邮件信息、 纳入新式电子认证的可能性 以及 “ 部分批量转让 ” 可能采用的条款 问题。工作组公布了其《初步报告》 , 并在 2009 年 1 月 30 日前进行了公众意见征询。 2009 年 3 月,工作组完成了报告终稿,并将其提交 GNSO 委员会审核。对于 IRTP 问题集 A 中考虑的问题(包括交换注册人电子邮件信息的必要性,纳入新式电子认证的可能性,以及“部分批量转让”可能采用的条款),工作组建议无需修改注册服务商之间的转让政策。工作组还提出了以下建议:为完善 IRTP ,深入研究互联网注册管理机构信息服务 (IRIS) ;进一步考虑是否应修改政策,以防注册人在转让完成且获得管理联系人授权之后撤销转让;说明现有的批量转让条款同样适用于批量转让单个 gTLD 中的域名。

Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."