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Hyderabad 2016 Fellowship Participants

Photo of Fellowship Participants
  • Abdalmonem Galila – Arab Republic of Egypt – ccTLD Operations
  • Adela Goberna – Argentina – Business
  • Amal Ramzi Al-Saqqaf – Yemen – Academic
  • Anivar Ammanath Aravind – India – Civil Society
  • Ashish Agarwal – India – Government
  • Bart Morgan – Barbados – Internet End User
  • Buddhadeb Halder – India – Civil Society
  • Dessalegn Yehuala – Ethiopia – Academic
  • Edowaye Makanjuola – Nigeria – Government
  • Fadi Salem – Syrian Arab Republic – Academic
  • Fotjon Kosta – Albania – Government
  • Gazi Zehadul Kabir – Bangladesh – Technical (Coach)
  • Houda Belkassem – Morocco – Academic
  • Huthaifa Mohammad Ahmad Albustanji – Jordan – Intellectual Property
  • Ines Hfaiedh – Tunisia – Academic (Coach)
  • James Bidal – South Sudan – Civil Society
  • Jason Hynds – Barbados – Technical (Coach)
  • John Sushil Chand – Fiji – Technical
  • Kasek Galgal – Papua New Guinea – Academic
  • Khalid Samara – Jordan – Security
  • Lucas de Moura – Brazil – Security
  • Manmeet Pal Singh – India – Internet End User
  • Maryan Rizinski – Bulgaria – Business
  • Matilda Pamao – Papua New Guinea – Academic
  • Monica Gastelú Céspedes – Bolivia – Academic
  • Monica Romero Chacon – Costa Rica – Government
  • Mubashir Hassan – Pakistan – Civil Society
  • Nadira AlAraj – Palestine – Civil Society (Coach)
  • Narine Khachatryan – Armenia – Civil Society (Coach)
  • Nasrat Khalid – Afghanistan – Civil Society
  • Naveen Lakshman – India – Technical
  • Paul Muchene – Kenya – Technical (Coach)
  • Pitinan Kooarmornpatana – Thailand – Business
  • Radha Parvatee Ramphul – Mauritius – Technical
  • Raitme Osvaldo Citterio Alvarado – Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela – Civil Society
  • Renata Aquino Ribeiro – Brazil – Civil Society (Coach)
  • Ricardo Holmquist – Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela – Civil Society
  • Rim Hayat Chaif – Algeria – Civil Society (Coach)
  • Royden Thato Mfikwe – South Africa – Civil Society
  • Sanjay Bahadoor Singh – Trinidad and Tobago – Academic
  • Sarata Omane – Ghana – Academic
  • Shavkat Sabirov – Kazakhstan – Civil Society (Coach)
  • Waqqas Ahmad Mir – Pakistan – Business
  • Wayne Reiher – Kiribati – Government
  • Special Thanks to Community and Staff Coaches: Aftab Siddiqui, Albert Daniels, Aleksandar Ichokjaev, Mark McFadden, Olga Cavalli, Sarmad Hussain
Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."