Skip to main content
Resources

Membership of Board Caucus Groups

Board Caucus on Accountability and Transparency Reviews 3 (ATRT3)

Maarten Botterman

Becky Burr

Avri Doria

León Sánchez

Katrina Sataki

Matthew Shears

Board Caucus on Budget and Prioritization of Community Recommendations (BPCR)

Becky Burr

Avri Doria

James Galvin

Danko Jevtović

Matthew Shears

Board Caucus on CCWG-Accountability Work Stream (WS2)

Alan Barrett

Avri Doria

León Sánchez

Katrina Sataki

Matthew Shears

Board Caucus on Competition, Consumer Trust and Consumer Choice (CCT) Review

Becky Burr

Edmon Chung

James Galvin

Sajid Rahman

Board Caucus on Data Protection/Privacy

Becky Burr

Edmon Chung

Sarah Deutsch

James Galvin

León Sánchez

Katrina Sataki

Matthew Shears

Board Caucus on DNS Abuse

Becky Burr

Edmon Chung

Sarah Deutsch

Avri Doria

James Galvin

Wes Hardaker

Patricio Poblete

León Sánchez

Katrina Sataki

Matthew Shears

Board Caucus on ICANN Grant Program

Alan Barrett

Maarten Botterman

Chris Chapman

Edmon Chung

Sarah Deutsch

Wes Hardaker

Danko Jevtović

Board Caucus on International Governmental Organization (IGO) Issues

Becky Burr

Chris Chapman

Sajid Rahman

León Sánchez

Board Caucus on New gTLD Subsequent Procedures Policy Development Process (SubPro)

Alan Barrett

Becky Burr

Avri Doria

Danko Jevtović

Matthew Shears

Board Caucus on Root Server System (RSS) Governance

Harald Alvestrand

Alan Barrett

Edmon Chung

Avri Doria

James Galvin

Wes Hardaker

Christian Kaufmann

Patricio Poblete

Board Caucus on Security, Stability and Resiliency Review 2 (SSR2)

Alan Barrett

Becky Burr

James Galvin

Danko Jevtović

A note about our terms of service:

We have updated our electronic terms of service to provide greater transparency and align with laws applicable to us. Learn more.

This site uses cookies to deliver an efficient user experience and to help us see how the site is used. Learn more.OK

Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."