Skip to main content
Resources

Overview of the 43rd ICANN San Jose, Costa Rica Meeting Fellows

San Jose, Costa Rica Fellowship Meeting Participants

San Jose, Costa Rica Fellows:

The following individuals successfully completed their fellowship experience in San Jose, Costa Rica:

  • Bill Tomon – Papua New Guinea
  • Stanley Osao – Papua New Guinea
  • Flavio Cardoso Neves – Timor-Leste
  • Maureen Moari Marama Hilyard – Cook Islands
  • Diana Almahasneh – Jordan
  • Hossam Hassan – Egypt
  • Kadian Davis – Jamaica
  • Alejandra Reynoso Barral – Guatemala
  • Alejandro Martin Moscol Salinas – Peru
  • Esther Yolanda Lizana Puelles – Peru
  • Emir Sosa – Belize
  • Celia Lerman – Argentina
  • Fatima Cambronero – Argentina
  • Maria Gabriela Gijon – Argentina
  • Gabriela Ruth Szlak – Argentina
  • Andrii Paziuk – Ukraine
  • Grigori Saghyan – Armenia
  • Adela Elena Danciu – Romania
  • Simon Msafiri Balthazar – Tanzania
  • Aminata Sy – Senegal
  • Pascal Guillaume Bekono – Cameroon
  • Moses Bagyendera – Uganda
  • Wilson Abigaba – Uganda
  • Grace Githaiga – Kenya
  • Hago Dafalla – Sudan
  • Leo Maluwa – Malawi

A note about our terms of service:

We have updated our electronic terms of service to provide greater transparency and align with laws applicable to us. Learn more.

This site uses cookies to deliver an efficient user experience and to help us see how the site is used. Learn more.OK

Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."