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Profile image for Jonathan Denison

Jonathan Denison

Manager, Contractual Compliance

Staff
Profile image for Jean-Baptiste Deroulez

Jean-Baptiste Deroulez

Belgium

MSSI Associate Project Manager

Staff
Profile image for Divya Dhingra

Divya Dhingra

Sr. Salesforce Business Anaylst

Staff
Profile image for John Diep

John Diep

Director, Sustaining Engineering & Standards - Partner Relationships

Staff
Profile image for Chantelle Doerksen

Chantelle Doerksen

United States

SO/AC Collaboration Services Sr. Coordinator

Staff
Profile image for Jessie Doherty

Jessie Doherty

Language Expert - Head Interpreter

Staff
Profile image for Lorie Doswell

Lorie Doswell

United States

Executive Assistant, Multistakeholder Strategy & Strategic Initiatives

Staff
Profile image for Quentin Duda

Quentin Duda

United States

Salesforce Technical Architect

Staff
Profile image for Punky Duero

Punky Duero

Philippines

Cryptographic Key Manager

GovernmentTechnology

Staff
Profile image for Kyle Dunst

Kyle Dunst

Director, Contracted Parties Solutions Delivery

Staff
Profile image for Alain Durand

Alain Durand

United States

Principal Technologist

Technology

Staff
Profile image for Dean Edwards

Dean Edwards

United States

Sr. Product Manager

DNS MarketplaceTechnology

Staff
Profile image for Harel Efraim

Harel Efraim

Principal Software Engineer

Staff
Profile image for Samantha Eisner

Samantha Eisner

Deputy General Counsel

Staff
Profile image for Teresa Elias

Teresa Elias

United States

Office of the General Counsel Sr. Manager

Developing WorldGovernmentTechnology

Staff
Profile image for Jeannie Ellers

Jeannie Ellers

United States

Stakeholder Engagement Measurement & Planning Sr. Manager

Civil SocietyDNS MarketplaceDeveloping WorldGovernmentTechnology

Staff
Profile image for Derek Ellison

Derek Ellison

United States

End User Support

Staff
Profile image for Evin Ashley Erdoğdu

Evin Ashley Erdoğdu

Turkey

Policy Development Senior Coordinator

Civil SocietyDeveloping WorldGovernmentTechnology

Staff
Profile image for Mauricio Vergara Ereche

Mauricio Vergara Ereche

United States

Lead DNS Engineer

Civil SocietyTechnology

Staff
Profile image for Jared Erwin

Jared Erwin

United States

Manager, GDD Global Implementation

Civil SocietyDNS MarketplaceDeveloping WorldGovernmentTechnology

Staff
Profile image for Deborah Escalera

Deborah Escalera

United States

Program Manager Public Responsibility Support

Staff
Profile image for Baher Esmat

Baher Esmat

VP, Stakeholder Engagement - Middle East

Staff
Profile image for Sandra Espinoza

Sandra Espinoza

United States

Billing, Accounts Receivable and Collections Specialist I

Staff
Profile image for Eric Evrard

Eric Evrard

Belgium

Sr. End User Support

Staff
Profile image for Negar Farzinnia

Negar Farzinnia

United States

Director, MSSI Technical Reviews & Review Implementation

Staff
Profile image for Laurent Ferrali

Laurent Ferrali

Switzerland

Government and IGO Engagement Director

Staff
Profile image for Amanda Fessenden

Amanda Fessenden

United States

Registry Services & Engagement Sr. Manager

Staff
Profile image for Sigmund Fidyke

Sigmund Fidyke

United States

Sr. Director, Enterprise Architecture & Release Services

Staff
Profile image for Daniel Fink

Daniel Fink

Brazil

Stakeholder Engagement, Sr Manager - Brazil

Staff
Profile image for Audrey Fery Forgues

Audrey Fery Forgues

United States

Global Communications Coordinator

Staff
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Sean Freeark

United States

Security Operations Manager

Staff
Profile image for Casandra "C.C." Furey

Casandra "C.C." Furey

United States

Associate General Counsel

Staff
Profile image for Alex Gaganashvili

Alex Gaganashvili

United States

Sr. Systems DevOps Engineer

Staff
Profile image for Simon Garside

Simon Garside

United States

VP, Security Operations

Staff
Profile image for Chris Gift

Chris Gift

United States

VP, Product Management

DNS MarketplaceDeveloping WorldTechnology

Staff
Profile image for Maira Gomez

Maira Gomez

Accounts Payable Lead

Staff
Profile image for Robert Gomez

Robert Gomez

United States

Operations Specialist II

Staff
Profile image for Jennifer Gore

Jennifer Gore

United States

Director, Registrar Services & Engagement

Civil SocietyDNS MarketplaceDeveloping WorldGovernmentTechnology

Staff
Profile image for Morgan Govaars

Morgan Govaars

Operations Specialist III

Staff
Profile image for Yuko Green

Yuko Green

United States

Sr. Manager, GDD Operations

Staff
Profile image for Jeanne Gregg

Jeanne Gregg

United States

Sr. Manager, GDD Operations

Civil SocietyDNS MarketplaceDeveloping WorldGovernmentTechnology

Staff
Profile image for Peter Gregoris

Peter Gregoris

United States

GDD Operations Manager

Staff
Profile image for Gisella Gruber

Gisella Gruber

United Kingdom

Manager, Operations Support, ALAC-At Large

Staff
Profile image for Yvette Guigneaux

Yvette Guigneaux

United States

Projects & Operations Assistant, MSSI

Civil SocietyDeveloping WorldGovernmentTechnology

Staff
Profile image for Nida Gumussoy

Nida Gumussoy

Turkey

Senior Operational Administrator

Staff
Profile image for Samiran Gupta

Samiran Gupta

Head of India

Staff
Profile image for Larisa Gurnick

Larisa Gurnick

VP, Multistakeholder Strategy & Strategic Initiatives

Staff
Profile image for Anna Guseva

Anna Guseva

United States

Sr. Project Manager

Civil SocietyDNS MarketplaceDeveloping WorldGovernmentTechnology

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Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."