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Profile image for Christina Rodriguez

Christina Rodriguez

United States of America

Sr. Director, Language Services

Civil SocietyDeveloping WorldGovernmentTechnology

Staff
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Diana Rodriguez

United States of America

Information Systems, Project Manager

Staff
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Cynthia Roman

United States of America

Accounts Payable Specialist II

Staff
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Amanda Rose

United States of America

Contractual Compliance Specialist

Staff
Profile image for Noah Ross

Noah Ross

United States of America

Senior Front End Architect

Civil SocietyDNS MarketplaceDeveloping WorldGovernmentTechnology

Staff
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Benedetta Rossi

France

Manager, Policy Support and Community Services

Staff
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Shauna Royston

United States of America

Business Analyst

Staff
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Riccardo Ruffolo

United States of America

GSE Measurement & Planning Specialist

DNS MarketplaceDeveloping WorldTechnology

Staff
Profile image for Danielle Rutherford

Danielle Rutherford

United States of America

Senior Research Implementation Analyst

Staff
Profile image for Seher Sagiroglu

Seher Sagiroglu

Turkey

Contracual Compliance Specialist

Civil SocietyDNS MarketplaceGovernment

Staff
Profile image for Jean-Jacques Sahel

Jean-Jacques Sahel

Vice President, Stakeholder Engagement & Managing Director - Europe

Civil SocietyGovernmentTechnology

Staff
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Ozan Sahin

Turkey

Community Services Sr. Coordinator

Staff
Profile image for Masoud Sahraian

Masoud Sahraian

Lead QA Engineer

Staff
Profile image for Seman Said

Seman Said

United States of America

Software Developer - IANA Services

Staff
Profile image for Maya Saito

Maya Saito

Sr. Meeting Planner & Operation Analyst

Staff
Profile image for Mert Saka

Mert Saka

Turkey

Registry Services & Engagement Manager

DNS MarketplaceDeveloping World

Staff
Profile image for Zuhra Salijanova

Zuhra Salijanova

Sr. Manager, Contractual Compliance

Civil SocietyDeveloping WorldGovernment

Staff
Profile image for Marc Salvatierra

Marc Salvatierra

United States of America

Senior Manager, Web Content Operations

DNS MarketplaceTechnology

Staff
Profile image for George Sarkisyan

George Sarkisyan

United States of America

IANA Services Specialist

Staff
Profile image for Naela Sarras

Naela Sarras

Sr. Manager, IANA Services

Staff
Profile image for Hina Sattar

Hina Sattar

Global Support Analyst III

Staff
Profile image for Rodrigo Saucedo

Rodrigo Saucedo

Bolivia (Plurinational State of)

Strategic Initiatives - Latin America & Caribbean, Senior Manager

Staff
Profile image for Lisa Saulino

Lisa Saulino

United States of America

Board Operations Senior Coordinator

Staff
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David Saxa

United States of America

Implementation Project Analyst

GovernmentTechnology

Staff
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Bryan Schilling

United States of America

Consumer Safeguards Director

Staff
Profile image for Gabriella Schittek

Gabriella Schittek

Poland

Global Stakeholder Engagement Senior Manager – Nordic & Central Europe

Staff
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Kathy Schnitt

United States of America

SSAC & RSSAC Support Lead Administrator

Civil SocietyDNS MarketplaceDeveloping WorldGovernmentTechnology

Staff
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Natalie Schoer

United States of America

Communications Sr. Coordinator

Civil SocietyDNS MarketplaceDeveloping WorldGovernmentTechnology

Staff
Profile image for Jennifer Scott

Jennifer Scott

Senior Counsel

Staff
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Shawn Seah

Singapore

Global Support Analyst

Staff
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Mark Segall

United States of America

Director, Community Collaboration Solutions Delivery

Staff
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Vivek SenGupta

United States of America

Director of Procurement

Developing WorldTechnology

Staff
Profile image for Jane Sexton

Jane Sexton

Staff
Profile image for Hope Shafer

Hope Shafer

Lead Global Support Analyst

Staff
Profile image for Shruti Shah

Shruti Shah

United States of America

Senior Developer

Staff
Profile image for Charla Shambley

Charla Shambley

United States of America

Manager, Multistakeholder Strategy and Strategic Initiatives - Operations

Staff
Profile image for Kristina Shelebian

Kristina Shelebian

Executive Assistant to the CEO

Staff
Profile image for Steve Sheng

Steve Sheng

United States of America

Senior Director, Policy Development Support

Civil SocietyDNS MarketplaceDeveloping WorldGovernmentTechnology

Staff
Profile image for Bonnie Shubb

Bonnie Shubb

United States of America

Payroll Project Manager

Staff
Profile image for Dierdre Sidjanski

Dierdre Sidjanski

Switzerland

Office Manager

Government

Staff
Profile image for Charmaine Siew

Charmaine Siew

Singapore

Contractual Compliance Anaylst

Staff
Profile image for Pamela McNeff Smith

Pamela McNeff Smith

Developing WorldTechnology

Staff
Profile image for Maya Smundak

Maya Smundak

Language Expert - Head Interpreter

Staff
Profile image for David Soltero

David Soltero

Lead DNS Engineer

Staff
Profile image for Michael Song

Michael Song

United States of America

Operations Specialist II

Staff
Profile image for Neeraj Sood

Neeraj Sood

United States of America

Sr. Technincal Product Manager

Staff
Profile image for Darrel Spearman

Darrel Spearman

Director, Administrative Services

Staff
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Policy Staff

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Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."