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Jana Juginovic

United States of America

Senior Director, Communications & Content

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Steve Jung

United States of America

Senior Accountant

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Darren Kara

United States of America

Manager, Network and DNS Infrastructure

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Michael Karakash

United States of America

Policy Research Specialist

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Olly Kay

United States of America

Regional Security Manager – North America and Asia Pacific

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May Kim

United States of America

Contractual Compliance Senior Specialist

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Steven Kim

United States of America

Project Manager

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Jia Kimoto

United States of America

Project Manager I

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Jin Kimoto

United States of America

Contractual Compliance Senior Specialist

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Tanzanica S. King

United States of America

Sr. Manager, Meeting Strategy and Design

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Erhan Kiraner

Turkey

Meetings External Relations Senior Manager

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Vinciane Koenigsfeld

Luxembourg

Senior Director, Board Operations

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Pitinan Kooarmornpatana

Thailand

IDN Programs Senior Manager

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Michael Kovach

United States of America

Associate Project Manager, Multistakeholder Strategy and Strategic Initiatives - Operations

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Mehdi Kurdmisto

United States of America

Contractual Compliance Analyst

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Matt Larson

United States of America

VP, Research

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Elizabeth Le

Associate General Counsel

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Karen Lentz

United States of America

VP Policy Research and Stakeholder Programs

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Karen Lettner

Administrative Support Manager

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Edward Lewis

United States of America

Senior Technologist

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Howard Li

China

gTLD Accounts Senior Manager

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Ariel Xinyue Liang

United States of America

Policy Senior Specialist

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Charmaine Lim

Singapore

Contractual Compliance Specialist

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Roger Lim

Director, Contractual Compliance

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Sabrina Lim

Singapore

GSE Programs Manager

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Celine Lioe

Singapore

Regional Office Administrator, APAC

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Siôn Lloyd

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Lead Security, Stability, and Resiliency Specialist

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Angelina Lopez

United States of America

Communications Manager - GDD

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Jia Rong Low

VP, Stakeholder Engagement and Managing Director - Asia Pacific

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Mauro Lozano

United States of America

Technical Services Senior Manager

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Luna Madi

Director, EMEA Communications

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Vera Major

Switzerland

Government and IGO Engagement Manager

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Catherine Maleki

United States of America

Counsel

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Terry Manderson

Sr. Director, Security and Network Engineering

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Antonietta Mangiacotti

Policy Research Manager

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Richard Mannino

United States of America

Operations Specialist II

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Selim Manzak

Turkey

Contractual Compliance Senior Specialist

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Karthika Marati

QA Test Automation Engineer

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Göran Marby

United States of America

President and Chief Executive Officer (CEO)

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Nora Mari

Belgium

Government and IGO Engagement Manager

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Mariana Marinho

United States of America

Public Responsibility Support Sr. Program Manager

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Veni Markovski

United States of America

VP, UN Engagement - New York

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Brian Martin

United States of America

Lead Information Security Engineer

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Andrew McConachie

Netherlands

Policy and Technology Senior Manager

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Rachel McFadyen

United States of America

Writer/Editor

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Becky McGilley

United States of America

Government and IGO Engagement Director

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Nanig Mehranian

United States of America

Program Manager, New gTLD Subsequent Procedures

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Profile image for Aline Menezes

Aline Menezes

United States of America

Senior Systems Engineer

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Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."