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Türkiye, Republic of

GDD Programs Director

Community Staff

United States of America

Project Manager I

United States of America

SVP, Planning & Chief Financial Officer (CFO)

United States of America

VP, Global Stakeholder Engagement

United States of America

Director, Relationship & Delivery Management

Jordan

Stakeholder Engagement Director- Middle East

United States of America

SVP & Chief Technology Officer

Saint Lucia

Stakeholder Engagement Sr. Manager - Caribbean

Rodrigo De La Parra

Mexico

VP, Stakeholder Engagement & Managing Director - Latin America & Caribbean

Türkiye, Republic of

VP, Stakeholder Engagement - Middle East & Managing Director MEA

United States of America

General Counsel and Secretary

Cassia Oliveira

United States of America

Director, Office of the CEO

United States of America

Deputy General Counsel

United States of America

VP, Policy Development & At-Large Relations

United States of America

Vice President, Strategic Policy Management

Netherlands

Civil Society Engagement Sr. Manager

Portugal

Technical Services Principal Engineer

United States of America

Sr Technical Lead- Software Engineering

Samaneh Tajalizadehkhoob

Netherlands

Director, Security, Stability and Resiliency Research

Karla Hakansson

United States of America

GDD Programs Senior Director

United States of America

Performance Measurement & Reporting Director

United States of America

Government and IGO Engagement Operations Senior Director

Switzerland

Head, Government Engagement

Franco Larios Carrasco

Germany

Board Operations Manager

United States of America

GDD Services Senior Manager

United States of America

VP, Security Operations and Administrative Services

Domain Name System

Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."