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Sabrina Mosquera

Senior Language Expert - Head Interpreter

Staff
Profile image for Grant Nakata

Grant Nakata

United States of America

GDD Services Senior Manager

Staff
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Becky Nash

United States of America

Vice President, Planning

Staff
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Andy Newton

United States of America

GDS Technical Services Principal Engineer

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Marie Ngo

United States of America

HR Manager

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Erin O'neil

United States of America

Digital Media Specialist

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Bob Ochieng

Kenya

New gTLD Subsequent Procedures Sr. Director

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David Olive

United States of America

SVP, Policy Development Support & Managing Director – Washington, D.C.

Staff
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Cassia Oliveira

Director, Office of the CEO

Staff
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Elizabeth Oluoch

United States of America

Government and IGO Engagement Director - UN/ITU

Staff
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Yin May Oo

Singapore

IDN Program Coordinator

Staff
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Ria Otanes

United States of America

Senior Travel Services Planner

Staff
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Eric Palmer

United States of America

Senior Counsel

Staff
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Gökhan Pamukçu

Türkiye, Republic of

Global Support Analyst I

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Krista Papac

United States of America

Complaints Officer

Staff
Profile image for Rodrigo De La Parra

Rodrigo De La Parra

VP, Stakeholder Engagement and Managing Director - Latin America and Caribbean

Staff
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Ryan Pasca

United States of America

Senior Product Manager 1

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Andres Pavez

Senior Cryptographic Key Manager

Staff
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Adam Peake

Civil Society Engagement Sr. Manager

Staff
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Julie Peek

United States of America

Senior Administrative Assistant

Staff
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Cristina de la Pena

United States of America

Executive Assistant

Staff
Profile image for Nathalie Peregrine

Nathalie Peregrine

France

Manager, Policy Development and Operations Support (GNSO)

Staff
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Boris Perelshteyn

United States of America

Staff Software Engineer, QA Automation

Staff
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Edman Perez

United States of America

IT Business Analytics and Intranet Services Senior Manager

Staff
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Kathryn Perry

United States of America

Security Operations Senior Coordinator

Staff
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Brett Peterson

United States of America

Director, Accounting

Staff
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Roberto Peña

United States of America

Economist

Staff
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Butch Pfremmer

United States of America

Senior Localization Program Manager

Staff
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Carlos Alvarez del Pino

United States of America

Director of SSR Engagement

Staff
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Elena Plexida

Belgium

VP, Government and IGO Engagement

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Julio Polito

Uruguay

Sr. Graphic Designer

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Shannon Poon

United States of America

HRIS Manager

Staff
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David Prangnell

United States of America

Staff Software Engineer – Platforms

Staff
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Wendy Profit

United States of America

Board Operations Senior Manager

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Shani Quidwai

United States of America

Senior Director, Finance

Staff
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Reed Quinn

E&IT Infrastructure Manager

Staff
Profile image for Krishna Raghavendra

Krishna Raghavendra

United States of America

Senior Java Developer

Staff
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Laena Rahim

Singapore

Regional Counsel, APAC

Staff
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Ergys Ramaj

United States of America

VP, Public Responsibility

Staff
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Daniel Ramcharan

United States of America

Operations Specialist II

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Laura Ramirez

United States of America

Meetings Project Manager

Staff
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Erika Randall

Associate General Counsel

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Ashwin Rangan

United States of America

SVP, Engineering and Chief Information Officer (CIO)

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Simon Raveh

United States of America

VP, Software Engineering

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Profile image for Isabella Reber

Isabella Reber

United States of America

Administrative Assistant

Staff
Profile image for Joseph Restuccia

Joseph Restuccia

United States of America

Contractual Compliance Risk and Audit Senior Specialist

Staff
Profile image for Peg Rettino

Peg Rettino

United States of America

Project Specialist and Executive Assistant

Staff
Profile image for Carlos Reyes

Carlos Reyes

United States of America

Director, Policy and Strategy

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Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."