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Amy Stathos

United States of America

Deputy General Counsel

Staff
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Yan Sun

United States of America

Sr. Software Engineer 1

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Theresa Swinehart

United States of America

SVP, Global Domains & Strategy

Staff
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Michelle Takamoto

United States of America

Global Sr. HR Business Partner

Staff
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Liana Teo

Singapore

Head of Communications - Asia Pacific

Staff
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Caitlin Tubergen

United States of America

Policy Development Support Director (GNSO)

Staff
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Heidi Ullrich

United States of America

VP, Policy Development & At-Large Relations

Staff
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Maria Vilardo

France

Senior Language Expert - Head Interpreter

Staff
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Silvia Vivanco

United States of America

Policy Development Support Senior Manager (At Large Regional Affairs)

Staff
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Russ Weinstein

United States of America

VP GDD Accounts and Services

Staff
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Champika Wijayatunga

Australia

Regional Technical Engagement Sr. Manager

Staff
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Mary Wong

United States of America

Vice President, Strategic Policy Management

Staff
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Victoria Yang

United States of America

Planning Sr Manager

Staff
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Bill Ziemniak

United States of America

Facilities Assistant Manager

Staff
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Larisa Gurnick

United States of America

VP, Reviews Operations & Accountability

Staff
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Liane Champagne-Freitag

United States of America

Lead Product Manager

Staff
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Mert Saka

Türkiye, Republic of

GDD Accounts Senior Manager

Staff
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Howard Li

China

GDD Programs Director

Staff
Profile image for Edward Lewis

Edward Lewis

United States of America

Sr. Technologist

Staff
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Ergys Ramaj

United States of America

VP, Public Responsibility Support

Staff
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Rachel Reyes

Singapore

Sr. Information Security Engineer

Staff
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Aysegul Tekce

Türkiye, Republic of

GDD Accounts Senior Manager

Staff
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Andee Hill

United States of America

Director, GDD Accounts

Staff
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Holida Yanik

Türkiye, Republic of

Contractual Compliance Lead

Staff
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Laurent Ferrali

Belgium

Government and IGO Engagement Senior Director

Staff
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Edman Perez

United States of America

IT Business Analytics and Intranet Services Sr. Manager

Staff
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Adiel Akplogan

Canada

VP, Technical Engagement

Staff
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Eduardo Alvarez

United States of America

Director, Technical Services Operations

Staff
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Alain Durand

France

Distinguished Technologist

Staff
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Butch Pfremmer

United States of America

Sr. Localization Program Manager

Staff
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Gulten Tepe Oksuzoglu

Türkiye, Republic of

Policy Operations Analyst (GAC)

Staff
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Tammy Yeow

Singapore

Manager, Global Support

Staff
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Desiree Cabrera

United States of America

Executive Assistant

Staff
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Jinzaemon Kimoto

United States of America

Contractual Compliance Senior Specialist

Staff
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Paul Hoffman

United States of America

Distinguished Technologist

Staff
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Roy Arends

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Principal Research Scientist

Staff
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Delina Watson

United States of America

Sr. Project Coordinator

Staff
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Lauren Israel

United States of America

Operations Associate Manager

Staff
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Moises Cirilo

United States of America

Lead Infrastructure Engineer

Staff
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Brian Aitchison

United States of America

Research Manager

Staff
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Kimberly Carlson

United States of America

Policy Operations Specialist (ccNSO)

Staff
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Seda Akbulut

Türkiye, Republic of

Universal Acceptance (UA) Program Manager

Staff
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Luna Madi

Türkiye, Republic of

Sr. Director, EMEA Communications

Staff
Profile image for Brenda Brewer

Brenda Brewer

United States of America

Policy Operations Coordinator

Staff
Profile image for Aisha Herrell

Aisha Herrell

United States of America

Global Support Analyst III

Staff
Profile image for Aline Menezes

Aline Menezes

United States of America

Sr. Lead Infrastructure Engineer

Staff
Profile image for Betsy Andrews

Betsy Andrews

United States of America

Online Learning Sr. Program Manager

Staff
Profile image for Alex Hutson

Alex Hutson

United States of America

Senior Program Manager

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Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."