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Staff
Profile image for Desiree Cabrera

Desiree Cabrera

United States of America

Executive Assistant

Staff
Profile image for Jinzaemon Kimoto

Jinzaemon Kimoto

United States of America

Contractual Compliance Senior Specialist

Staff
Profile image for Paul Hoffman

Paul Hoffman

United States of America

Distinguished Technologist

Staff
Profile image for Roy Arends

Roy Arends

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Principal Research Scientist

Staff
Profile image for Delina Watson

Delina Watson

United States of America

Sr. Project Coordinator

Staff
Profile image for Lauren Israel

Lauren Israel

United States of America

Operations Associate Manager

Staff
Profile image for Moises Cirilo

Moises Cirilo

United States of America

Lead Infrastructure Engineer

Staff
Profile image for Brian Aitchison

Brian Aitchison

United States of America

Research Manager

Staff
Profile image for Kimberly Carlson

Kimberly Carlson

United States of America

Policy Operations Specialist (ccNSO)

Staff
Profile image for Seda Akbulut

Seda Akbulut

Türkiye, Republic of

Universal Acceptance (UA) Program Manager

Staff
Profile image for Luna Madi

Luna Madi

Türkiye, Republic of

Sr. Director, EMEA Communications

Staff
Profile image for Brenda Brewer

Brenda Brewer

United States of America

Policy Operations Coordinator

Staff
Profile image for Aisha Herrell

Aisha Herrell

United States of America

Global Support Analyst III

Staff
Profile image for Eli Khan

Eli Khan

United States of America

Document Control Specialist

Staff
Profile image for James Mitchell

James Mitchell

United States of America

Director, IANA Technical Services

Staff
Profile image for Alexey Trepykhalin

Alexey Trepykhalin

United States of America

Government and IGO Engagement Manager

Staff
Profile image for Sara Sarraf

Sara Sarraf

United States of America

Executive Assistant

Staff
Profile image for Jane Stark

Jane Stark

United States of America

Global Sr. HR Business Partner

Staff
Profile image for Becky McGilley

Becky McGilley

United States of America

Government and IGO Engagement Director

Staff
Profile image for Nora Mari

Nora Mari

Belgium

Government and IGO Engagement Manager

Staff
Profile image for Raveena Alam

Raveena Alam

United States of America

Procurement Analyst

Staff
Profile image for Adam Szatyina

Adam Szatyina

United States of America

Procurement Manager

Staff
Profile image for Catherine Maleki

Catherine Maleki

United States of America

Sr. Counsel

Staff
Profile image for Sarah Zagha

Sarah Zagha

United States of America

Counsel

Staff
Profile image for Mariana Solano

Mariana Solano

United States of America

Contractual Compliance Specialist

Staff
Profile image for Margaret Benavides

Margaret Benavides

United States of America

Planning Manager

Staff
Profile image for Marika Konings

Marika Konings

Belgium

VP, New gTLD Program Lead

Staff
Profile image for Amanda Weddle

Amanda Weddle

United States of America

Contractual Compliance Analyst

Staff
Profile image for Michael Knigge

Michael Knigge

United States of America

Writer

Staff
Profile image for Samantha Mancia

Samantha Mancia

United States of America

Project Manager I

Staff
Profile image for Jill Ladwig

Jill Ladwig

United States of America

Writer

Staff
Profile image for Lauren Hejazi

Lauren Hejazi

United States of America

Project Manager

Staff
Profile image for Ryan Pasca

Ryan Pasca

United States of America

Sr. Product Manager 1- ERP

Staff
Profile image for Breda Lund

Breda Lund

United States of America

Editorial Supervisor

Staff
Profile image for Giovanni Seppia

Giovanni Seppia

Italy

Vice President - Implementation Operations

Staff
Profile image for Andre Abed

Andre Abed

United States of America

VP, Relationship & Delivery Management and Interim Head of Engineering and IT

Staff
Profile image for Eric Palmer

Eric Palmer

United States of America

Sr. Counsel

Staff
Profile image for JeNelle Haugen

JeNelle Haugen

United States of America

Quality Analyst Trainer

Staff
Profile image for Roberto Peña

Roberto Peña

United States of America

Economist

Staff
Profile image for David Prangnell

David Prangnell

United States of America

Staff Software Engineer - Platforms

Staff
Profile image for Patrick Tse

Patrick Tse

Singapore

Regional Security Sr. Manager, APAC

Staff
Profile image for Shannon Poon

Shannon Poon

United States of America

HRIS Manager

Staff
Profile image for Berry Cobb

Berry Cobb

United States of America

Senior Program Manager, Policy Development Support

Staff
Profile image for Odeline MacDonald

Odeline MacDonald

Belgium

Associate General Counsel, European Data Protection

Staff
Profile image for Andrea Glandon

Andrea Glandon

United States of America

Policy Operations Coordinator

Staff
Profile image for Maritza Alarcon

Maritza Alarcon

United States of America

Operations Specialist

Staff
Profile image for Daniel Ramcharan

Daniel Ramcharan

United States of America

Manager, Service Delivery

Staff
Profile image for Brian Villaroman

Brian Villaroman

United States of America

Contractual Compliance Analyst

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Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."