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与互联网工程任务组 (IETF) 签署的《2016 补充协议》

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2016 年补充协议的状态

2016 年 10 月 1 日:与互联网工程任务组 (IETF) 签署的《2016 年补充协议》现已生效。

 

概述

ICANN 和 IETF 自 2000 年以来一直在践行谅解备忘录 (MoU) 的规定。根据 MoU 的规定,ICANN 应履行一系列职能,包括分配用于 IETF 标准的协议参数。双方同意每年签署一份补充协议,其中明确规定协议参数注册管理机构职能履行的服务水平,用以构成对 MoU 的补充。2007 年至 2014 年期间签署了一系列 MoU 补充协议。

在 ICG 提案中,IETF 社群对与 ICANN 签署的现有协议表示满意,并提议继续维持现有的 MoU。具体而言,IETF 社群提议按照过去十几年来的惯例,继续日复一日地执行对 IANA 协议参数注册表的更新,并继续依赖由 IETF、ICANN 和互联网架构委员会制定的用于规范与协议参数相关的 IANA 职能的协议、政策和监督机制。

在 ICG 提案中,IETF 社群要求完成一份由 ICANN 和 IETF 社群签订的新补充协议。特别是,IETF 管理层请求新补充协议应包含以下内容:

>> ICANN 确认协议参数属于公共域。

>> ICANN 承诺在出现相应情况时,应顺利移交给后续运营商。

为执行这一任务,ICANN 和 IETF 领导层针对 2016 年补充协议开展了一系列协商。除了包含有关协议参数注册管理机构职能履行的 SLA 外,2016 年补充协议还明确指出:“ICANN 不得针对协议参数注册表的内容主张任何权利,因为这些内容属于公共域。”同时还包含一条规定,在出现相应情况时,ICANN 将会尽合理的最大努力并积极配合,以便有序、高效地移交至继任者手中,且不得向 IETF 收取任何费用。

2016 年 5 月 27 日,ICANN 董事会发布决议,批准双方要签署的 2016 IETF MoU 补充协议。2016 年 6 月 24 日,ICANN 和 IETF 代表签署了 2016 年补充协议

 

Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."