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“普遍适用性政策简报”标志着 ICANN 与联合国教科文组织的合作又取得新的进展

2026 年 06 月 5 日
作者：
Theresa Swinehart

Theresa Swinehart

SVP, Global Domains & Strategy

Theresa Swinehart is the Senior Vice President of Global Domains and Strategy. In this role, she works with the community, contracted parties, stakeholders, and policymakers to ensure broad and inclusive engagement, consensus-based policymaking through ICANN’s multistakeholder model, and effective, accountable policy implementation. Her responsibilities include policy implementation, review operation, and cross-functional strategic initiatives such as ICANN’s compliance with the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation. An expert in global Internet governance, Theresa also serves as co-deputy to the President and CEO. Her extensive industry experience, including nearly 20 years as a key contributor to ICANN’s growth and development, gives her a valuable perspective on how ICANN organization can work efficiently and collaboratively to better serve the global Internet community.

Theresa rejoined ICANN after three years as Executive Director of Global Internet Policy at Verizon Communications, where she specialized in emerging issues as well as stakeholder and policy engagement. Prior to this, she served as ICANN’s Vice President of Global and Strategic Partnerships, leading a team responsible for partnership reform, global engagement and outreach, and the participation in international forums. Before ICANN, Theresa was Director of Global E-Commerce at MCI, where she was responsible for such issues as Internet service provider liability, data protection, and participation in Internet-related forums, including the formation of ICANN. 

Theresa has a bachelor’s degree in international relations from the University of California, Davis, a graduate degree in international studies from the University of Vienna, Austria, and a juris doctorate from American University. She served on the Internet Society’s Board of Trustees and Internet Governance Forum’s Multistakeholder Advisory Committee. Theresa began her career in international human rights. She is fluent in German and is conversant in French.

ICANN 与联合国教科文组织 (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, UNESCO) 联合发布了一份聚焦于普遍适用性 (Universal Acceptance, UA) 的新政策简报，该项目标志着双方日益密切的合作关系又达到了一个重要的里程碑。

让所有人都有机会使用自己选择的语言和文字来访问互联网，是帮助所有社群融入数字社会和参与全球数字未来的一个关键的前提条件。这份 UA 政策简报是我们持续合作的最新成果。这项工作包括加强在多语言域名以及 UA 日等 UA 相关计划方面的合作。

ICANN 在域名系统的技术协调以及 UA 相关最佳实践的落实方面拥有深厚的经验，而联合国教科文组织则在文化和语言多样性、教育以及数字包容政策方面贡献了长期积累的专业知识。两者的视角相辅相成，共同定义了 UA 的内涵，并强调 UA 不仅仅是一个技术优先事项，更涵盖了促进包容性数字发展的其他方面。

这次发布的简报体现了双方对建设多语言互联网的共同承诺 - 确保每个人，无论使用何种语言或文字，都能充分参与到互联网之中。无论注册的域名使用的是阿拉伯文、中文、西里尔文、梵文还是其他文字，用户都应能够顺畅地访问网站和通过电子邮件进行在线交流，而不会受到任何技术障碍的影响。随着国际化域名和国际化电子邮件地址的日益普及，实现这一功能显得尤为重要。

UA 不仅仅是个技术问题。它还与更广泛的数字包容目标密切相关，使各个社群能够在互联网上宣扬其文化和语言，从而创造社会和经济机遇。如果有效的域名或电子邮件地址因为使用不同的文字或新的域名后缀而无法被系统识别，就会给人们参与数字经济和网络公共生活制造不必要的障碍。通过采纳 UA，有助于确保所有有效域名和电子邮件地址在所有支持互联网的系统、设备和应用程序中都能以统一方式有效运行。

要实现广泛的 UA，需要众多利益相关方团体通力合作。在这方面，政府部门、教育机构、技术社群和公民社会都肩负着责任，并发挥着重要作用。这份政策简报旨在支持这些团体之间开展对话，为理解 UA 的重要性及其与更广泛的数字政策目标的关联性提供共同的参考依据。

随着越来越多的国家/地区和机构致力于拓展有意义的网络连接以及促进当地语言的数字参与，这些对话在各种全球互联网治理论坛中变得日益重要，其中包括信息社会世界峰会。我们希望这份政策简报能成为致力于建设更具包容性的互联网的各利益相关方（尤其是公共机构）的有用资源，并鼓励他们进一步参与全球 UA 的落实工作。

我们诚邀大家阅读这份政策简报，并探索其他 UA 资源。我们也建议各个领域的利益相关方在其组织中支持 UA 的采纳与实施工作。

Authors

Theresa Swinehart

Theresa Swinehart

SVP, Global Domains & Strategy
Theresa Swinehart

Theresa Swinehart

SVP, Global Domains & Strategy

Theresa Swinehart is the Senior Vice President of Global Domains and Strategy. In this role, she works with the community, contracted parties, stakeholders, and policymakers to ensure broad and inclusive engagement, consensus-based policymaking through ICANN’s multistakeholder model, and effective, accountable policy implementation. Her responsibilities include policy implementation, review operation, and cross-functional strategic initiatives such as ICANN’s compliance with the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation. An expert in global Internet governance, Theresa also serves as co-deputy to the President and CEO. Her extensive industry experience, including nearly 20 years as a key contributor to ICANN’s growth and development, gives her a valuable perspective on how ICANN organization can work efficiently and collaboratively to better serve the global Internet community.

Theresa rejoined ICANN after three years as Executive Director of Global Internet Policy at Verizon Communications, where she specialized in emerging issues as well as stakeholder and policy engagement. Prior to this, she served as ICANN’s Vice President of Global and Strategic Partnerships, leading a team responsible for partnership reform, global engagement and outreach, and the participation in international forums. Before ICANN, Theresa was Director of Global E-Commerce at MCI, where she was responsible for such issues as Internet service provider liability, data protection, and participation in Internet-related forums, including the formation of ICANN. 

Theresa has a bachelor’s degree in international relations from the University of California, Davis, a graduate degree in international studies from the University of Vienna, Austria, and a juris doctorate from American University. She served on the Internet Society’s Board of Trustees and Internet Governance Forum’s Multistakeholder Advisory Committee. Theresa began her career in international human rights. She is fluent in German and is conversant in French.

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