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敬请阅读 ICANN 的博文，了解最新政策制定活动和区域事务等等。

前进之路：下一轮新通用顶级域项目的字符争用集解决方案

2024 年 09 月 16 日
作者：
Tripti Sinha

Tripti Sinha

ICANN Board Chair

Tripti Sinha is the President and CEO of Internet2, where she champions the organization’s core mission of enabling U.S. higher education and research institutions to collaborate on mission-critical technology services and emerging technologies. Internet2 also works with global National Research and Education Networks (NRENs). Sinha has over three decades of progressive experience in Internet and Cyber-Infrastructure technologies. Her experience spans leadership roles in engineering, operations, finance, governance, advocacy, and policy.

Before joining Internet2, Tripti held two leadership roles at the University of Maryland: Assistant Vice President and Chief Technology Officer and Executive Director of the Mid-Atlantic Crossroads (MAX), a regional research and education network. In these roles, she supported advanced, high-performance networking and research technologies, including GPU compute infrastructure optimized for AI workloads and investigating evolving quantum networking technologies.

She has served on many non-profit and private sector technology advisory boards, and was past Chair of The Quilt’s Board of Directors and former Co-Chair of ICANN’s Root Server System Advisory Committee.

Tripti has a Computer Science degree from Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts and did graduate work in Computer Science at the University of Maryland. She holds executive education certificates from Harvard Kennedy School in Public Leadership and Policy, and in Global Innovation and Execution from Stanford University. She was born in India and lives in the United States. As a child and young adult, Tripti moved back-and-forth between the U.S. and India which gave her an appreciation for global pluralism. She is proficient in English and Hindi, and understands Punjabi, Urdu and the ancient Sanskrit language. Sinha has a keen interest in Information and Communication Technology innovation, entrepreneurship, governance and policy, and international affairs.

Tripti was nominated to serve on the ICANN Board of Directors by the Nominating Committee in 2018. Her term will expire at the Annual General Meeting 2027.

在洛杉矶举行的工作坊会议（2024 年 9 月 6 日至 8 日）期间，ICANN 董事会花了大量时间讨论如何解决下一轮新通用顶级域 (gTLD) 项目中的字符争用集解决方案。董事会重点讨论了三个方面：(1) 申请人应在多大程度上能够通过私下协议解决争用集问题；(2) 如果申请人面临字符争用集问题，是否能为资源较少的申请人提供获得该字符串的机会，如果是，则如何提供；(3) 是否依靠 ICANN 拍卖流程，使用升钟第二价格方法解决争用集问题，还是采用其他方法，例如：封闭式第二价格拍卖，甚至是抽签的方式。

2012 年新 gTLD 项目（即 2012 年轮次）鼓励私下解决争用集问题。董事会早已记录了其对私下解决方案的担忧，并在 2020 年 9 月 30 日的信函中要求新 gTLD 后续流程政策制定流程工作组 (SubPro PDP WG)“提供理由，说明为何字符争用集的解决方案不应使任何净收益惠及除其他争用集申请人以外的全球互联网社群。”董事会此后收到的建议也引发了这一担忧；请参见政府咨询委员会 (Governmental Advisory Committee) 的 ICANN77 华盛顿公报和一般会员咨询委员会于 2024 年 6 月 21 日提出的建议。同样，在最近社群关于字符争用集解决方案的讨论中，多位社群成员指出，在下一轮项目期间应禁止私下解决争用集问题。

此外，在 ICANN77 华盛顿公报中，政府咨询委员会提出了一些建议，以增加资源较少的申请人在字符争用集竞争中脱颖而出的机会。社群讨论的参与人也提出需要这样一套机制。 

最后，ALAC 建议董事会使用维克里拍卖法 (Vickrey auction) 解决字符争用集问题，政府咨询委员会则建议考虑“抽签”制度。在社群讨论中，参会人研究了维克里拍卖法，还探讨了使用抽签解决字符争用集问题的可能性。

考虑到多种意见，以及 ICANN 按照符合全球公共利益的方式行事的职责，董事会决定，下一轮项目必须采用一套综合的字符争用集解决方案，讨论结果如下：

  1. 不采用私下解决方案：下一轮项目将不允许私下解决字符争用集问题。

  2. 提交备用字符串的能力：应允许申请人在提交申请时提交一个或多个备用字符串。在揭晓日之后的一个短暂时期内，如果申请人初始申请的字符串与另一个已申请的字符串相同，则该申请人可以选择使用一个备用字符串，从而避免造成现有或形成新的字符争用集。

  3. 继续使用 2012 年轮次采用的升钟第二价格拍卖法：董事会同意，拍卖是分配稀缺资源的一种经过检验的有效方法，引入抽签制度并不优于拍卖方 法（另参见“新 gTLD 拍卖的经济案例”一文）。董事会并未发现大家对任何针对 2012 轮次的升钟第二价格方法的具体担忧，以致于需要对拍卖方法进行修改。

关于董事会审议情况以及 ICANN 字符争用集解决方案的方法和理由的详情，请参见我于 2024 年 9 月 13 日致通用名称支持组织 (Generic Names Supporting Organization) 理事会主席 格雷格·蒂比雅思 (Greg DiBiase) 的信函。

Authors

Tripti Sinha

Tripti Sinha

ICANN Board Chair
Tripti Sinha

Tripti Sinha

ICANN Board Chair

Tripti Sinha is the President and CEO of Internet2, where she champions the organization’s core mission of enabling U.S. higher education and research institutions to collaborate on mission-critical technology services and emerging technologies. Internet2 also works with global National Research and Education Networks (NRENs). Sinha has over three decades of progressive experience in Internet and Cyber-Infrastructure technologies. Her experience spans leadership roles in engineering, operations, finance, governance, advocacy, and policy.

Before joining Internet2, Tripti held two leadership roles at the University of Maryland: Assistant Vice President and Chief Technology Officer and Executive Director of the Mid-Atlantic Crossroads (MAX), a regional research and education network. In these roles, she supported advanced, high-performance networking and research technologies, including GPU compute infrastructure optimized for AI workloads and investigating evolving quantum networking technologies.

She has served on many non-profit and private sector technology advisory boards, and was past Chair of The Quilt’s Board of Directors and former Co-Chair of ICANN’s Root Server System Advisory Committee.

Tripti has a Computer Science degree from Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts and did graduate work in Computer Science at the University of Maryland. She holds executive education certificates from Harvard Kennedy School in Public Leadership and Policy, and in Global Innovation and Execution from Stanford University. She was born in India and lives in the United States. As a child and young adult, Tripti moved back-and-forth between the U.S. and India which gave her an appreciation for global pluralism. She is proficient in English and Hindi, and understands Punjabi, Urdu and the ancient Sanskrit language. Sinha has a keen interest in Information and Communication Technology innovation, entrepreneurship, governance and policy, and international affairs.

Tripti was nominated to serve on the ICANN Board of Directors by the Nominating Committee in 2018. Her term will expire at the Annual General Meeting 2027.

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