Skip to main content
Resources

.family Registry Agreement

On 2 April 2015, ICANN and Bitter Galley, LLC, entered into a Registry Agreement under which Bitter Galley, LLC, operated the .family top-level domain. Effective 22 April 2015, the Registry Agreement was assigned by Bitter Galley, LLC to United TLD Holdco, Ltd. which now operated the .family top-level domain. Effective 05 January 2018, the Registry Agreement was assigned by United TLD Holdco Ltd. to Dog Beach, LLC, which now operates the .family top-level domain. The agreement may be viewed by following the links below:

Registry Agreement

2017 Global Amendment to the base Registry Agreement

The 2017 Global Amendment to the base New gTLD Registry Agreement is effective as of 31 July 2017. For additional information, please visit the Global Amendment webpage.

Assignment and Assumption Agreement(s)

United TLD Holdco Ltd. to Dog Beach, LLC (05 January 2018)

Bitter Galley, LLC to United TLD Holdco, Ltd. (22 April 2015)

Updates to General Notices Contact

  • PDF (26 June 2019)
  • PDF (22 May 2018)
  • PDF (14 August 2017)
  • PDF (25 August 2015)

Amendments

Note: If multiple versions are provided above, the official document is the Word version. The HTML version is machine-generated and may not display correctly.

Name Collision Occurrence Management Documents

TLD Startup Information

Registry Agreement Archive

Authorization(s) for Release of Reserved Names

A note about our privacy policies and terms of service:

We have updated our privacy policies and certain website terms of service to provide greater transparency, promote simplification, and align with recent changes in privacy laws applicable to us. Learn more.

This site uses cookies to deliver an efficient user experience and to help us see how the site is used. Learn more.OK

Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."