Reference LGR for language: Norwegian (no) | lgr-second-level-norwegian-language-25oct24-en

This document is mechanically formatted from the above XML file for the LGR. It provides additional summary data and explanatory text. The XML file remains the sole normative specification of the LGR.

Date | 2024-10-25
LGR Version | 3 (Second Level Reference LGR)
Language | no (Norwegian Language)
Unicode Version | 11.0.0

# Description

## INSTRUCTIONS

- These instructions cover how to adopt an LGR based on this reference LGR for a given zone and how to prepare the file for deposit in the IANA Repository of IDN Practices.
- As described the IANA procedure
  (https://www.iana.org/help/idn-repository-procedure)
  an LGR MUST contain the following elements in its header:
  - Script or Language Designator (see below for guidance)
  - Version Number (this must increase with each amendment to the LGR, even if the updates are limited to the header itself)
  - Effective Date (the date at which the policy becomes applicable in operational use)
  - Registry Contact Details (contact name, email address, and/or phone number)
- The following information is optional:
  - Document creation date
  - Applicable Domain(s)
  - Changes made to the Reference LGR before adopting

Please add or modify the following items in the XML source code for this file before depositing the document in the IANA Repository.
(https://www.iana.org/domains/idn-tables)

### Meta Data

Note: version numbers start at 1. RFC 7940 recommends using simple integers. The version comment is optional, please replace or delete the default comment. Version comments may be used by some tools as part of the page header.

`<version comment="`[Please replace (or delete) the optional comment]`">`[Please fill in version number, starting at 1]`</version>`

`<date>`[Please fill in with publication date, in YYYY-MM-DD format]`</date>`

`<validity-start>`[Please fill in effective date, in YYYY-MM-DD format]`</validity-start>`

Note: the scope element may be repeated, so that the same document can serve for multiple domains.

`<scope type="domain">`[Please provide, in ".domain" format]`</scope>`

Registry Contact Information:

Please fill in the Registry Contact Details.

Change History

If you made technical modifications to the LGR, please summarize them in the Change History (and also note the details in the appropriate section of the description).

PLEASE DELETE THESE INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE DEPOSITING THE DOCUMENT

## Registry Contact Details

- Contact Name: [Please fill in Contact Name]
- Email address: [Please fill in Email address]
- Phone Number: [Please fill in optional Phone Number]

# Label Generation Rules for Norwegian

## Overview

This document specifies a set of Label Generation Rules (LGR) for the Norwegian language using a language-specific repertoire for the second level domain or domains identified above. The format of this file follows [RFC 7940]. This LGR is adapted from the “Reference LGR for the Second Level for the Norwegian Language” [Ref-LGR-no-Latn], for details, see Change History below.

Standalone LGR: This LGR is designed to be used in a zone that does not cater to IDNs other than those valid under this LGR. This LGR lacks features that would allow its use in the context of another LGR in the same zone, and it may contain other features incompatible with such use.

## Repertoire

Most references converge on 43 (36 + 7) Latin code points with a few additional extensions.

There is no IDN table published in the IANA Repository of IDN Practices by a .no ccTLD, but the registry provides IDN information [700].

Norwegian is not a single language. Instead, there are two closely related but different written languages (Bokmål and Nynorsk). As both of them are written in the same country and the differences are relatively minor for purposes of IDNs, this LGR covers both, by extending the repertoire slightly.

### Excluded code points

Letters documented in some references but not included:

- U+00E2 â LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX

- U+00EF ï LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS

- U+00F9 ù LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH GRAVE

- U+00FB û LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH CIRCUMFLEX

- U+01CE ǎ LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CARON

### Extended code points

A number of letters not considered essential to writing the core vocabulary of the language are nevertheless in common use. Where they have not been added to the core repertoire, they are flagged as “extended-cp” in the table of code points. A context rule is provided that by default will prohibit labels with such extended code points. To support extended single code points or code point sequences, delete the context “extended-cp” from their repertoire definition.

The following extended code points in particular are needed to write Northern Sami, a minority language in Norway.

- U+010D č LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CARON

- U+0111 đ LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH STROKE

- U+0144 ń LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH ACUTE ACCENT (alternate for N with tilde in Lule Sami)

- U+014B ŋ LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG

- U+0161 š LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON

- U+0167 ŧ LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH STROKE

- U+017E ž LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON

## Variants

No variants are applicable when using the LGR in a standalone fashion.

## Character Classes

This LGR does not define named character classes.

## Rules

### Common Rules

By default, the LGR includes the rules and actions to implement the following restrictions mandated by the IDNA protocol. They are marked with ⍟.

- Hyphen Restrictions — restrictions on the allowable placement of hyphens (no leading/ending hyphen and no hyphen in positions 3 and 4). These restrictions are described in Section 4.2.3.1 of RFC 5891 [150]. They are implemented here as context rule on U+002D (-) HYPHEN-MINUS.
- Leading Combining Marks — restrictions on the allowable placement of combining marks (no leading combining mark). This rule is described in Section 4.2.3.2 of RFC 5891 [150].

## Actions

This LGR includes the default actions for LGRs as well as the action needed to invalidate labels with misplaced combining marks. They are marked with ⍟. For a description see [RFC 7940].

## Methodology and Contributors

The LGR in this document has been adapted from the corresponding Reference LGR for the Second Level. The Second Level Reference LGR for the Norwegian Language was developed by Michel Suignard and Asmus Freytag, including input by Michael Everson, Nicholas Ostler, and Wil Tan, and based on multiple open public consultations.

### Changes from Version Dated 10 October 2016

Language tag has been updated.

### Changes from Version Dated 18 May 2021

Unicode Version has been updated.

### Changes from Version Dated 25 October 2024

Adopted from the Second Level Reference LGR for the Norwegian Language [Ref-LGR-no-Latn] without normative changes.

## References

General references for the language:

- Norsk språkråd, in Icelandic Council for Standardization. 1992. Nordic cultural requirements on information technology. Reykjavík: Staðlaráð Íslands. ISBN 9979-9004-3-1

- Hovdenak, Marit, et al. 1994. Nynorskordboka: definisjons- og rettskrivings- ordbok. Oslo: Det norske samlaget. ISBN 82-521-4121-8- The repertoire covers Bokmål and Nynorsk

- Wikipedia: “Norwegian orthography”,
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_alphabet

- Omniglot: “Norwegian (norsk)”
  https://www.omniglot.com/writing/norwegian.htm

Other references cited in this document:

[RFC 7940]
  Davies, K. and A. Freytag, “Representing Label Generation Rulesets Using XML”, RFC 7940, August 2016,
  https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7940
[Ref-LGR-no-Latn]
  ICANN, Second Level Reference Label Generation Rules for the Norwegian Language (no-Latn), 25 October 2024 (XML)
  https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/packages/lgr/lgr-second-level-norwegian-language-25oct24-en.xml
  non-normative HTML presentation:
  https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/packages/lgr/lgr-second-level-norwegian-language-25oct24-en.html
[Unicode 11.0.0]
  The Unicode Consortium. The Unicode Standard, Version 11.0.0, (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2018. ISBN 978-1-936213-19-1)
  https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode11.0.0/

In the listing of the repertoire by code point, references starting from [0] refer to the version of the Unicode Standard in which the corresponding code point was initially encoded. Other references (starting from [100]) document usage of code points. Entries in the table may have multiple source reference values. In the listing of whole label evaluation and context rules, reference [150] indicates the source for common rules. For more details, see the Table of References below.

# Repertoire

## Repertoire Summary

Number of elements in repertoire | 54
Number of extended elements | 10
Total entries in table | 64
Number of code points for each script |
Latin | 53
Common | 11
Longest code point sequence | 1

## Repertoire by Code Point

The following table lists the repertoire by code point (or code point sequence). The data in the Script and Name column are extracted from the Unicode character database. Where a comment in the original LGR is equal to the character name, it has been suppressed.

Some code points or sequences listed in the following table are not part of the repertoire itself; they document targets for out-of-repertoire variant mappings or optional code points as indicated. See also the legend provided below the table.

Code Point | Glyph | Script | Name | Ref | Tags | Required Context | Part of Repertoire | Comment
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
U+002D | - | Common | HYPHEN-MINUS | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  | not: hyphen-minus-disallowed | ✔ |
U+0030 | 0 | Common | DIGIT ZERO | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] | Common-digit |  | ✔ | ⍟
U+0031 | 1 | Common | DIGIT ONE | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] | Common-digit |  | ✔ | ⍟
U+0032 | 2 | Common | DIGIT TWO | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] | Common-digit |  | ✔ | ⍟
U+0033 | 3 | Common | DIGIT THREE | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] | Common-digit |  | ✔ | ⍟
U+0034 | 4 | Common | DIGIT FOUR | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] | Common-digit |  | ✔ | ⍟
U+0035 | 5 | Common | DIGIT FIVE | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] | Common-digit |  | ✔ | ⍟
U+0036 | 6 | Common | DIGIT SIX | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] | Common-digit |  | ✔ | ⍟
U+0037 | 7 | Common | DIGIT SEVEN | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] | Common-digit |  | ✔ | ⍟
U+0038 | 8 | Common | DIGIT EIGHT | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] | Common-digit |  | ✔ | ⍟
U+0039 | 9 | Common | DIGIT NINE | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] | Common-digit |  | ✔ | ⍟
U+0061 | a | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER A | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+0062 | b | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER B | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+0063 | c | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER C | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+0064 | d | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER D | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+0065 | e | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER E | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+0066 | f | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER F | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+0067 | g | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER G | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+0068 | h | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER H | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+0069 | i | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER I | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+006A | j | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER J | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+006B | k | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER K | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+006C | l | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER L | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+006D | m | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER M | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+006E | n | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER N | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+006F | o | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER O | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+0070 | p | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER P | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+0071 | q | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER Q | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+0072 | r | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER R | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+0073 | s | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER S | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+0074 | t | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER T | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+0075 | u | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER U | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+0076 | v | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER V | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+0077 | w | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER W | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+0078 | x | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER X | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+0079 | y | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER Y | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+007A | z | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER Z | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [601] |  |  | ✔ |
U+00E0 | à | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH GRAVE | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [604], [605], [700], [701] |  |  | ✔ |
U+00E1 | á | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE | [0], [100], [302], [402], [503], [604], [605], [700], [701] |  |  | ✔ |
U+00E3 | ã | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH TILDE | [0], [403], [503], [701] |  |  | ✔ |
U+00E4 | ä | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS | [0], [302], [402], [700], [701] |  |  | ✔ |
U+00E5 | å | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE | [0], [100], [200], [301], [501], [603], [604], [700] |  |  | ✔ |
U+00E6 | æ | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER AE | [0], [100], [200], [301], [401], [501], [603], [604], [700] |  |  | ✔ |
U+00E7 | ç | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA | [0], [302], [402], [503], [700], [701] |  | extended-cp | ◯ |
U+00E8 | è | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE | [0], [100], [302], [402], [503], [604], [605], [700], [701] |  |  | ✔ |
U+00E9 | é | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE | [0], [100], [200], [301], [401], [501], [604], [605], [700], [701] |  |  | ✔ |
U+00EA | ê | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX | [0], [100], [301], [402], [501], [604], [605], [700], [701] |  |  | ✔ |
U+00EB | ë | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS | [0], [302], [503], [701] |  | extended-cp | ◯ |
U+00ED | í | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE | [0], [403], [604], [701] |  |  | ✔ |
U+00F1 | ñ | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH TILDE | [0], [402], [700], [701] |  | extended-cp | ◯ |
U+00F2 | ò | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH GRAVE | [0], [100], [301], [401], [501], [604], [605], [700] |  |  | ✔ |
U+00F3 | ó | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE | [0], [100], [200], [301], [401], [501], [604], [605], [700] |  |  | ✔ |
U+00F4 | ô | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX | [0], [100], [200], [301], [401], [501], [604], [605], [700] |  |  | ✔ |
U+00F6 | ö | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS | [0], [302], [402], [503], [700] |  |  | ✔ |
U+00F8 | ø | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH STROKE | [0], [100], [200], [301], [401], [501], [603], [604], [700] |  |  | ✔ |
U+00FA | ú | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE | [0], [403], [604] |  |  | ✔ |
U+00FC | ü | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS | [0], [100], [302], [402], [503], [604], [605], [700] |  |  | ✔ |
U+010D | č | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CARON | [0], [402], [700], [702] |  | extended-cp | ◯ |
U+0111 | đ | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH STROKE | [0], [402], [700], [702] |  | extended-cp | ◯ |
U+0144 | ń | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH ACUTE | [0], [402], [700] |  | extended-cp | ◯ |
U+014B | ŋ | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG | [0], [402], [700], [702] |  | extended-cp | ◯ |
U+0161 | š | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON | [0], [402], [700], [702] |  | extended-cp | ◯ |
U+0167 | ŧ | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH STROKE | [0], [402], [700], [702] |  | extended-cp | ◯ |
U+017E | ž | Latin | LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON | [0], [402], [700], [702] |  | extended-cp | ◯ |

Legend

Code Point
  A code point or code point sequence.
Glyph
  The shape displayed depends on the fonts available to your browser.
Script
  Shows the script property value from the Unicode Character Database. Combining marks may have the value Inherited and code points used with more than one script may have the value Common.
Name
  Shows the character or sequence name from the Unicode Character Database.
Ref
  Links to the references associated with the code point or sequence, if any.
Tags
  LGR-defined tag values. Any tags matching the Unicode script property are suppressed in this view.
Required Context
  Link to a rule defining the required context a code point or sequence must satisfy. If prefixed by “not:” identifies a context that must not occur.
Comment
  The comment as given in the XML file. However, if the comment for this row consists only of the code point or sequence name, it is suppressed in this view. By convention, comments starting with “=” denote an alias. If present, the symbol ⍟ marks a default item shared among a set of LGRs.
✔ - core repertoire
  A check mark in the Part-of-repertoire column indicates a code point is part of the core repertoire.
◯ - extended repertoire
  An open circle indicates a code point is part of an optional extended repertoire, which is normally disabled but could be supported by removing the relevant context restriction.

# Variants

This LGR does not specify any variants.

# Classes, Rules and Actions

## Character Classes

Implicit (except script) | 1
Implicit defined by script tag | 2

The following table lists all named and implicit classes with their definition and a list of their members intersected with the current repertoire (for larger classes, this list is elided).

Name | Definition | Count | Members or Ranges | Ref | Comment
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
implicit | Tag=Common-digit | 10 | {0030-0039} |  | Any character tagged as Common-digit
implicit | Tag=sc:Latn | 53 | {0061-007A 00E0-00E1 00E3-00EB 00ED 00F1-00F4 00F6 00F8 00FA 00FC 010D 0111 0144 014B 0161 0167 017E} |  | Any character tagged as Latin
implicit | Tag=sc:Zyyy | 11 | {002D 0030-0039} |  | Any character tagged as Common

Legend

Members or Ranges
  Lists the members of the class as code points (xxx) or as ranges of code points (xxx-yyy). Any class too numerous to list in full is elided with "...".
Tag=ttt
  A named or implicit class defined by all code points that share the given tag value (ttt).
Implicit
  An anonymous class implicitly defined based on tag value and for which there is no named equivalent.

## Whole label evaluation and context rules

Number of rules | 3
Used to trigger actions | 1
Used as context rule (C) | 2
Anchored context rules | 1

The following table lists all named rules defined in the LGR and indicates whether they are used as trigger in an action or as context (when or not-when) for a code point or variant.

Name | Regular Expression | Used as Trigger | Anchor | Used as Context | Ref | Comment
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
leading-combining-mark | `(start)[∅=[[∅=\p{gc=Mn}] ∪ [∅=\p{gc=Mc}]]]` | ✔ |  |  | [150] | RFC 5891 restrictions on placement of combining marks ⍟
hyphen-minus-disallowed | `((((start))← ⚓︎)|(⚓︎ →((end)))|(((start)..\u002D)← ⚓︎))` |  | ✔ | C | [150] | RFC 5891 restrictions on placement of U+002D - HYPHEN-MINUS ⍟
extended-cp | `(start)(end)` |  |  | C |  | context to gate off code points from the extended range, matches no label ⍟

Legend

Used as Trigger
  This rule triggers one of the actions listed below.
Used as Context
  This rule defines a required or prohibited context for a code point C or variant V.
Anchor
  This rule has a placeholder for the code point for which it is evaluated.
Regular Expression
  A regular expression equivalent to the rule, shown in a modified notation as noted:
⚓︎ - context anchor
  Placeholder for the actual code point when a context is evaluated. The code point must occur at the position corresponding to the anchor. Rules containing an anchor cannot be used as triggers.
(?<=...) - look-behind
  If present encloses required context preceding the anchor.
(?=...) - look-ahead
  If present encloses required context following the anchor.
( ) - group
  An anonymous nested rule is used to group match operators.
(... | ...) - choice
  When there is more than one alternative in a rule, the choices are separated by the alternation operator (...|...).
^ or $ - start or end
  ^ matches the start of the label; $ matches the end of the label.
. - any code point
  . matches any code point.
[\p{ }] - property
  Set of all characters matching a given value for a Unicode property [\p{prop=val}]. Note: uppercase “\P” defines the complement of a property set.
[&&, -, ^] - set operators
  Sets may be combined by set operators (&& = intersection, - = difference, ^ = symmetric difference) or concatenated (union).
∅= - empty set
  Indicates that the following set is empty because of the result of set operations, or because none of its elements is part of the repertoire defined here. A rule with a non-optional empty set never matches.
(^$) - empty label
  The regex (^$) matches the empty label. Used as a context rule, it always fails to match, thus disallowing the affected code point in any label. By convention, it is used for context rules that disable code points that are not part of the repertoire, yet explicitly listed in the LGR as excluded or for optional future extension.
⍟ - default rule
  Rules marked with ⍟ are included by default and may or may not be triggered by any possible label under this LGR.

## Actions

The following table lists the actions that are used to assign dispositions to labels and variant labels based on the specified conditions. The order of actions defines their precedence: the first action triggered by a label is the one defining its disposition.

# | Condition | Rule / Variant Set |  | Disposition | Ref | Comment
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 | if label matches | leading-combining-mark | → | invalid |  | by default, labels with leading combining marks are invalid
2 | if any label (catch-all) |  | → | valid |  | catch all

Legend

{...} - variant type set
  In the “Rule/Variant Set” column, the notation {...} means a set of variant types.

# Table of References

The following lists the references cited for specific code points, variants, classes, rules or actions in this LGR. For General references refer to the References section in the Description.

[0] | The Unicode Standard, Version 1.1 Code points cited were originally encoded in Unicode Version 1.1
[100] | Internetstiftelsen i Sverige (IIS), “IDN Reference table for Norwegian language” https://github.com/dotse/IDN-ref-tables/blob/master/language-tables/norwegian-lang-ref-table.txt accessed on 2016-10-16
[150] | RFC 5891, Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA): Protocol https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5891
[200] | ISO/IEC 6937 Third Ed. 2001-12-17- Information technology — Coded graphic character set for text communication — Latin alphabet: Table D.1 (p 35) Use of Latin alphabetic characters. This table lists only the characters outside the set a-z. Some obvious typographical errors have been corrected
[301] | Everson, Michael. The Alphabets of Europe: “Bokmål-Norwegian” https://www.evertype.com/alphabets/bokmaal-norwegian.pdf Code points cited form the standard set
[302] | Everson, Michael. The Alphabets of Europe: “Bokmål-Norwegian" https://www.evertype.com/alphabets/bokmaal-norwegian.pdf Code points cited are from an extended set
[304] | Everson, Michael. The Alphabets of Europe: “Bokmål-Norwegian” https://www.evertype.com/alphabets/bokmaal-norwegian.pdf Code points cited are rare or archaic
[401] | The Unicode Consortium, Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR) Version 28 (2015-09-16) - Locale Data Summary for Norwegian Bokmål [nb] https://www.unicode.org/cldr/charts/28/summary/nb.html Code points cited are from the set of Main Letters
[402] | The Unicode Consortium, Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR) Version 28 (2015-09-16) - Locale Data Summary for Norwegian Bokmål [nb] https://www.unicode.org/cldr/charts/28/summary/nb.html Code points cited are from the Auxiliary set
[403] | The Unicode Consortium, Common Locale Data Repository (CLDR) Version 28 (2015-09-16) - Locale Data Summary for Norwegian Nynorsk [nn] https://www.unicode.org/cldr/charts/28/summary/nn.html Code points cited are from the Auxiliary set for Nynorsk [nn]
[501] | Norsk språkråd, in Icelandic Council for Standardization. 1992. Nordic cultural requirements on information technology. Reykjavík: Staðlaráð Íslands. ISBN 9979-9004-3-1 Code points cited are of category 1: Letters essential for the language
[502] | Norsk språkråd, in Icelandic Council for Standardization. 1992. Nordic cultural requirements on information technology. Reykjavík: Staðlaráð Íslands. ISBN 9979-9004-3-1 Code points cited are of category 2: Letters commonly used, but not essential
[503] | Norsk språkråd, in Icelandic Council for Standardization. 1992. Nordic cultural requirements on information technology. Reykjavík: Staðlaráð Íslands. ISBN 9979-9004-3-1 Code points cited are of category 3: Letters used for names, in common practice
[504] | Norsk språkråd, in Icelandic Council for Standardization. 1992. Nordic cultural requirements on information technology. Reykjavík: Staðlaráð Íslands. ISBN 9979-9004-3-1 Code points cited are of category 4: Letters that are rarely used
[603] | ISO/IEC 646:1991 — Information technology — ISO 7-bit coded character set for information interchange Code points cited are supported in a national edition of ISO-646.
[601] | Wikipedia: “Latin Alphabets” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_alphabets - accessed 2015-10-31 According to this reference, the alphabet is listed as using the full basic set A-Z
[604] | Wikipedia: “Latin Alphabets” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_alphabets accessed 2015-10-31. The table only lists code points beyond A-Z
[605] | Wikipedia: “Norwegian orthography” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norwegian_orthography Code points cited are accented letters used particularly, but not exclusively in Nynorsk or foreign words
[700] | UNINETT Norid AS, “Domain name policy for .no" https://www.norid.no/en/regelverk/navnepolitikk/ Code points cited are the non-ASCII code points listed by the registry for .no domain
[701] | Standard Norge, in Forskning.no, December 2009 “Hvor enkelt er alphabetet" https://www.forskning.no/sprak-standardisering/2009/12/hvor-enkelt-er-alfabetet Code points cited are cited as ocurring in Norwegian spelling dictionaries or commonly used in rendering place names
[702] | Standard Norge, in Forskning.no, December 2009 “Hvor enkelt er alphabetet" https://www.forskning.no/sprak-standardisering/2009/12/hvor-enkelt-er-alfabetet Code points cited are extensions needed for writing Sami languages written in Norway