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This document specifies a set of Label Generation Rules (LGR) for the Balinese script using a script-specific repertoire for the second level domain or domains identified above. The format of this file follows [RFC 7940]. This LGR is adapted from the “Reference LGR for the Second Level for the Balinese Script” [Ref-LGR-und-Bali], for details, see Change History below.
Standalone LGR: This LGR is designed to be used in a zone that does not cater to IDNs other than those valid under this LGR. This LGR lacks features that would allow its use in the context of another LGR in the same zone, and it may contain other features incompatible with such use.
For details and additional background on the Balinese script, see "Balinese Script Reference Label Generation Rules for Second-Level Domain Names" [Proposal-Balinese].
This LGR includes the 65 Balinese letters and signs selected from Section 5.1 “Included Code Points” in [Proposal-Balinese].
For the second level, the repertoire has been augmented with U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, for a total of 66 repertoire elements.
Repertoire Listing: Each code point or range is tagged with the script or scripts with which the code point is used and one or more other character categories. For each repertoire element, one or more references document sufficient justification for inclusion in the repertoire; see the “References” below.
The Common (ASCII) digits are not used with Balinese. The native digits in the Balinese script are not included because some of them share a similar shape with ordinary letters, which could pose a security risk. For example: U+1B52 Balinese digit two and letter U+1B0D la lenga, as well as U+1B58 Balinese digit eight and U+1B28 letter pa kapal typically have identical appearance. While some fonts may distinguish the latter they are depicted as identical in the Unicode code charts [UNICODE 14.0.0].
The sign U+1B34 nukta is seldom found being used today and therefore not included here.
The following lists the excluded Balinese script code points:
U+1B00 BALINESE SIGN ULU RICEM (Dependent vowel)
U+1B01 BALINESE SIGN ULU CANDRA (Sign)
U+1B1F BALINESE LETTER DA MURDA ALPAPRANA (Consonant)
U+1B34 BALINESE SIGN REREKAN (Sign)
U+1B50 BALINESE DIGIT ZERO (Digit)
U+1B51 BALINESE DIGIT ONE (Digit)
U+1B52 BALINESE DIGIT TWO (Digit)
U+1B53 BALINESE DIGIT THREE (Digit)
U+1B54 BALINESE DIGIT FOUR (Digit)
U+1B55 BALINESE DIGIT FIVE (Digit)
U+1B56 BALINESE DIGIT SIX (Digit)
U+1B57 BALINESE DIGIT SEVEN (Digit)
U+1B58 BALINESE DIGIT EIGHT (Digit)
U+1B59 BALINESE DIGIT NINE (Digit)
See Section 5.2 “Excluded Code Points” in [Proposal-Balinese].
This LGR defines a number of in-script variants because they produce the same sound and are perceived as equivalent by script users. Following a thorough analysis described in Section 6.2 “Cross-script Variants”of [Proposal-Balinese] no cross-script variants have been identified based on any discernable similarity with another script or otherwise required for the security of the Balinese LGR.
Variant Disposition: All variants are of type “blocked”, making labels that differ only by these variants mutually exclusive: whichever label containing either of these variants is chosen earlier would be delegated, while any other equivalent labels should be blocked. There is no preference among these labels.
This LGR does not define allocatable variants.
The specification of variants in this LGR follows the guidelines in [RFC 8228].
The Balinese script is an abugida where syllables consist of a consonant or independent vowel with attached dependent vowels and signs. This leads to the following classification of characters:
By default, the LGR includes the rules and actions to implement the following restrictions mandated by the IDNA protocol. They are marked with ⍟.
Script-specific rules in this LGR already prevent combining marks in leading position making the "leading-combining-mark" rule technically redundant. It is retained here for consistency.
This LGR includes the default actions for LGRs as well as the action needed to invalidate labels with misplaced combining marks. They are marked with ⍟. For a description see [RFC 7940].
This LGR defines the following rules that enforce basic structural rules of the Balinese script. The motivation is to prevent structurally meaningless sequences for which rendering systems or fonts are not prepared as opposed to enforcing spelling rules for any given language.
This Second Level Reference LGR for the Balinese Script was developed by the Balinese community and edited by Asmus Freytag and Michel Suignard, based on community feedback and public review.
Adopted from the Second Level Reference LGR for the Balinese Script [Ref-LGR-und-Bali] without normative changes.
This document cites the following general references.
References [0] to [8] refer to the Unicode Standard versions in which the corresponding code points were initially encoded. References [112] and above correspond to sources given in [Proposal-Balinese] justifying the inclusion of the corresponding code points. Entries in the table may have multiple source reference values. In the listing of whole label evaluation and context rules, reference [150] indicates the source for common rules.