| Root Zone LGR for script: Gurmukhi (Guru) | rz-lgr-6-gurmukhi-script-23sep25-en |
|---|
This document is mechanically formatted from the above XML file for the LGR. It provides additional summary data and explanatory text. The XML file remains the sole normative specification of the LGR.
| Date | 2025-09-23 |
|---|---|
| LGR Version | 6 (Root Zone LGR for the Gurmukhi Script) |
| Language | und-Guru (Gurmukhi Script) |
| Scope | domain: "." (Root) |
| Unicode Version | 16.0.0 |
Description
Root Zone Label Generation Rules for the Gurmukhi Script
Overview
This file contains a set of Label Generation Rules (LGR) for the Gurmukhi script for the Root Zone. For more details on this LGR and additional background on the script, see “Proposal for a Gurmukhi Script Root Zone Label Generation Ruleset (LGR)” [Proposal-Gurmukhi]. This file is one of a set of LGR files that together form an integrated LGR for the DNS Root Zone [RZ-LGR-6]. The format of this file follows [RFC 7940].
Repertoire
According to Section 5, “Repertoire” in [Proposal-Gurmukhi], the Gurmukhi script LGR contains 56 code points for the letters of the Punjabi language written using the Gurmukhi script. Punjabi ([EGIDS] level 2) is the only language currently using the Gurmukhi script.
The repertoire is contained in [MSR-6], which is a subset of [Unicode 16.0.0].
As part of the Root Zone, this LGR includes neither decimal digits nor the HYPHEN-MINUS.
Repertoire Listing: Each code point or range is tagged with the script or scripts with which the code point is used and one or more other character categories. For each repertoire element, one or more references document sufficient justification for inclusion in the repertoire; see the “References” below. For code points that are part of the repertoire, comments identify the language using the code point, as well as alternate names of some code points.
Code points outside the Gurmukhi script repertoire that are listed in this file are targets for out-of-repertoire variants and are identified by a reflexive (identity) variant of type “out-of-repertoire-var”. They do not form part of the repertoire.
Variants
The Gurmukhi and Devanagari scripts are closely related to each other and there are many code points in both scripts which can be confused with code points in the other script. Five sequences of Devanagari code points are defined as variants of single Gurmukhi code points. Additional cross-script variant analysis identified a smaller set of code points from the Bengali script. Where these can cause confusion even to a careful observer, they have been defined as variants. Variants due to transitivity among cross-script variants are not marked.
There are no in-script variants directly defined for Gurmukhi. See Section 6, “Variants”, in [Proposal-Gurmukhi]. However, transitivity of cross-script variants imposes one in-script variant pair.
Variant Disposition: All variants are of type “blocked”, making labels that differ only by these variants mutually exclusive: whichever label containing either of these variants is chosen earlier would be delegated, while any other equivalent labels should be blocked. There is no preference among these labels.
This LGR does not define allocatable variants.
The specification of variants in the Root Zone LGR follows the guidelines in [RFC 8228].
Character Classes
Gurmukhi is an alphasyllabary and the heart of the writing system is the akshar. This is the unit which is instinctively recognized by users of the script. The elements of the writing system consist of Consonants, Implicit Vowel Killer: Halant, Vowels, Bindi, Tippi, Addak, Nukta and Visarga.
Consonants: Gurmukhi consonants contain an implicit vowel schwa /ə/. They are also used without any modification to represent consonant sounds without an implicit /ə/ vowel More details in Section 3.3.1, “The Consonants” in [Proposal-Gurmukhi].
Virama: Unlike the Halant in other Neo-Brahmi scripts, U+094D ् GURMUKHI SIGN VIRAMA is not used in general to strip a consonant letter’s implicit vowel. The Virama is only used to create a conjunct where the letter U+0A39 ਹ HA, U+0A30 ਰ RA or U+0A35 ਵ VA is the second element in a conjunct. More details in Section 3.3.2, “The Implicit Vowel Killer: Virama” in [Proposal-Gurmukhi].
Vowels and Matras: Punjabi has seven long vowels and three short vowels (ਅ /ə/, ਇ /I/, and ਉ /U/) . Each of them, except U+0A05 ਅ have a corresponding vowel sign, or matra, which is used to modify the vowel inherent in the preceding consonant. More details in Section 3.3.3, “Vowels” in [Proposal-Gurmukhi].
Bindi: Bindi represents a homo-organic nasal. Bindi is used with all long vowels and the short vowel U+0A09 ਉ, as well as with the matras of long vowels, except the matra U+0A42 ੂ . More details in Section 3.3.4.1, “The Bindi” in [Proposal-Gurmukhi].
Tippi: Tippi is used to nasalize short vowels /ə/ and /I/ at all places, as well as /U/ and /u/ after a consonant. Therefore, Tippi comes after consonants without a vowel sign (representing the matra of /ə/ “mukta” ) and after the matra of /I/ ( ਿ ) following vowel carriers and consonants, such as in ਸੰ and ਸਿੰ. The matras of /U/ ( ੁ,) and /u/ ( ੂ ) following a consonant also take a Tippi. In addition, Tippi is used in gemination for nasal consonants ਙ, ਞ, ਨ and ਮ. More details in Section 3.3.4.2, “The Tippi” in [Proposal-Gurmukhi].
Addak: Addak is used to mark the gemination of the following consonant. In Punjabi, addak usually can follow mukta, aunkar ( ੁ ) and sihari ( ਿ ), and the vowel signs of the short vowels /ə/, /u/ and /i/. It geminates the consonant that follows it; therefore it cannot occur at the end of a label. More details in Section 3.3.4.3 “The Addak” in [Proposal-Gurmukhi].
Nukta: Called pairin bindi in Punjabi, Nukta is used with the six consonants (ਸ, ਖ, ਗ, ਜ, ਫ and ਲ ) defined as set C1 to represent the phonemes of words of Sanskrit and Perso-Arabic sources. More details in Section 3.3.4.4, “Nukta” in [Proposal-Gurmukhi].
Whole Label Evaluation (WLE) and Context Rules
Default Whole Label Evaluation Rules and Actions
The LGR includes the set of required default WLE rules and actions applicable to the Root Zone and defined in [MSR-6]. They are marked with ⍟. The default prohibition on leading combining marks is equivalent to ensuring that a label only starts with a consonant or vowel. The actions compute a label disposition based on WLE rules or variant mapping types.
Gurmukhi-specific Rules
These rules have been drafted to ensure that the prospective Gurmukhi label conforms to akshar formation norms as desired in Gurmukhi script. These norms are exclusively presented as context rules.
The following symbols are used in the WLE rules:
C → Consonant
M → Matra
V → Vowel
B → Bindi
D → Tippi
A → Addak
H → Virama / Halant
N → Nukta
M1 → { ਿ(U+0A3F), ੁ (U+0A41) } (Short matras)
M2 → M - M1 (Long matras)
V1 → { ਅ (U+0A05), ਇ (U+0A07), ਉ (U+0A09)} (Short Vowels)
V2 → V - V1 (Long Vowel)
C1 → {ਖ (U+0A16), ਗ (U+0A17), ਜ (U+0A1C), ਫ (U+0A2B), ਲ (U+0A32), ਸ (U+0A38)}
C2 → { ਰ (U+0A30), ਵ (U+0A35), ਹ (U+0A39)}
C3 → C – {ਙ (U+0A19), ਞ (U+0A1E), ਣ (U+0A23), ਹ (U+0A39), ੜ (U+0A5C)}
The rules are:
- 7.1 N: must be preceded by C1
- 7.2 H: must be preceded by C or N and followed by C2
- 7.3 M: must be preceded by C or N
- 7.4 B: must be preceded by specific V or M
- 7.5 D: must be preceded by C, N or specific V or M
- 7.6 A: must be preceded by C, N or specific V or M and followed by C3
More details in Section 7, “Whole Label Evaluation Rules (WLE)” in [Proposal-Gurmukhi].
Methodology and Contributors
The Root Zone LGR for the Gurmukhi Script was developed by the Neo-Brahmi Generation Panel (NBGP), the members of which have experience in linguistics and computational linguistics in a wide variety of languages written with Neo-Brahmi scripts. Under the Neo-Brahmi Generation Panel, there are nine scripts belonging to separate Unicode blocks. Each of these scripts has been assigned a separate LGR, with the Neo-Brahmi GP ensuring that the fundamental philosophy behind building each LGR is in sync with all other Brahmi-derived scripts. For further details on methodology and contributors, see Sections 4 and 8 in [Proposal-Gurmukhi], as well as [RZ-LGR-6-Overview].
References
The following general references are cited in this document:
- [EGIDS]
- Lewis and Simons, “EGIDS: Expanded Graded Intergenerational Disruption Scale,”
documented in [SIL-Ethnologue] and summarized here:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expanded_Graded_Intergenerational_Disruption_Scale_(EGIDS) - [MSR-6]
- Integration Panel, “Maximal Starting Repertoire — MSR-6 Overview and Rationale”, 23 September 2025,
https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/msr-6-overview-23sep25-en.pdf - [Proposal-Gurmukhi]
- Neo-Brahmi Generation Panel, “Proposal for a Gurmukhi Script Root Zone Label Generation Ruleset (LGR)”, 22 April 2019,
https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/proposal-gurmukhi-lgr-22apr19-en.pdf - [RFC 7940]
- Davies, K. and A. Freytag, “Representing Label Generation Rulesets Using XML”,
RFC 7940, August 2016,
https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc7940 - [RFC 8228]
- A. Freytag, “Guidance on Designing Label Generation Rulesets (LGRs) Supporting Variant Labels”, RFC 8228, August 2017,
https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8228 - [RZ-LGR-6-Overview]
- Integration Panel, “Root Zone Label Generation Rules (RZ LGR-6): Overview and Summary”, 23 September 2025,
https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/lgr/rz-lgr-6-overview-23sep25-en.pdf - [RZ-LGR-6]
- Integration Panel, “Root Zone Label Generation Rules (RZ-LGR-6)”, 23 September 2025 (XML),
https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/lgr/rz-lgr-6-common-23sep25-en.xml
non-normative HTML presentation:
https://www.icann.org/sites/default/files/lgr/rz-lgr-6-common-23sep25-en.html - [SIL-Ethnologue]
- David M. Eberhard, Gary F. Simons & Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2021.
Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Twenty fourth edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL
International. Online version available as
https://www.ethnologue.com - [Unicode 16.0.0]
-
The Unicode Consortium. The Unicode Standard, Version 16.0.0, (South San Francisco: The Unicode Consortium, 2024. ISBN 978-1-936213-34-4)
https://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode16.0.0/
For references consulted, particularly in designing the repertoire for the Gurmukhi script for the Root Zone, please see details in the Table of References below. Reference [0] refers to the Unicode Standard version in which the corresponding code points were initially encoded. References [101] and above correspond to sources justifying the inclusion of the corresponding code points. Entries in the table may have multiple source reference values.
Repertoire
Repertoire Summary
| Number of elements in repertoire | 56 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Out-of-repertoire variants | 30 | ||||||
| Total entries in table | 86 | ||||||
| Number of code points for each script |
|
||||||
| Number of code points | 81 | ||||||
| Number of sequences | 5 | ||||||
| Longest code point sequence | 4 |
Repertoire by Code Point
The following table lists the repertoire by code point (or code point sequence). The data in the Script and Name column are extracted from the Unicode character database. Where a comment in the original LGR is equal to the character name, it has been suppressed.
For any code point or sequence for which a variant is defined, additional information is provided in the Variants column. Some code points or sequences listed in the following table are not part of the repertoire itself; they document targets for out-of-repertoire variant mappings as indicated. See also the legend provided below the table.
| Code Point |
Glyph | Script | Name | Ref | Tags | Required Context | Part of Repertoire |
Variants | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| U+0902 | ं | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI SIGN ANUSVARA | [0] | ✗ | set 1 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+0907 | इ | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI LETTER I | [0] | ✗ | set 2 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+0909 | उ | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI LETTER U | [0] | ✗ | set 3 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+0917 | ग | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI LETTER GA | [0] | ✗ | set 4 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+0918 | घ | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI LETTER GHA | [0] | ✗ | set 5 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+091F | ट | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI LETTER TTA | [0] | ✗ | set 6 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+0920 | ठ | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI LETTER TTHA | [0] | ✗ | set 7 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+0922 | ढ | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI LETTER DDHA | [0] | ✗ | set 8 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+0924 U+094D U+0924 | त्त | {Devanagari} | DEVANAGARI LETTER TA + DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA + DEVANAGARI LETTER TA | ✗ | set 9 | Not part of repertoire | |||
| U+092A | प | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI LETTER PA | [0] | ✗ | set 10 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+092A U+094D U+091F U+093F | प्टि | {Devanagari} | DEVANAGARI LETTER PA + DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA + DEVANAGARI LETTER TTA + DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN I | ✗ | set 11 | Not part of repertoire | |||
| U+092A U+094D U+091F U+0940 | प्टी | {Devanagari} | DEVANAGARI LETTER PA + DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA + DEVANAGARI LETTER TTA + DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN II | ✗ | set 12 | Not part of repertoire | |||
| U+092A U+094D U+091F U+0946 | प्टॆ | {Devanagari} | DEVANAGARI LETTER PA + DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA + DEVANAGARI LETTER TTA + DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN SHORT E | ✗ | set 13 | Not part of repertoire | |||
| U+092A U+094D U+091F U+0947 | प्टे | {Devanagari} | DEVANAGARI LETTER PA + DEVANAGARI SIGN VIRAMA + DEVANAGARI LETTER TTA + DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN E | ✗ | set 13 | Not part of repertoire | |||
| U+092D | भ | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI LETTER BHA | [0] | ✗ | set 14 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+092E | म | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI LETTER MA | [0] | ✗ | set 15 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+0935 | व | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI LETTER VA | [0] | ✗ | set 16 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+0939 | ह | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI LETTER HA | [0] | ✗ | set 17 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+093A | ऺ | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN OE | [11] | ✗ | set 1 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+093C | ़ | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI SIGN NUKTA | [0] | ✗ | set 18 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+093F | ि | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN I | [0] | ✗ | set 19 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+0940 | ी | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN II | [0] | ✗ | set 20 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+0945 | ॅ | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN CANDRA E | [0] | ✗ | set 21 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+0946 | ॆ | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN SHORT E | [0] | ✗ | set 22 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+0947 | े | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN E | [0] | ✗ | set 22 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+0948 | ै | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN AI | [0] | ✗ | set 23 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+0956 | ॖ | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN UE | [11] | ✗ | set 24 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+0957 | ॗ | Devanagari | DEVANAGARI VOWEL SIGN UUE | [11] | ✗ | set 25 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+09AE | ম | Bengali | BENGALI LETTER MA | [0] | ✗ | set 15 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+09BF | ি | Bengali | BENGALI VOWEL SIGN I | [0] | ✗ | set 19 | Not part of repertoire | ||
| U+0A02 | ਂ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI SIGN BINDI | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Bindi | follows-specific-V-or-M | ✔ | set 1 | Punjabi |
| U+0A05 | ਅ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER A | [0], [101], [105], [112] | V1, Vowel | ✔ | = aira; Punjabi | ||
| U+0A06 | ਆ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER AA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Vowel | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A07 | ਇ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER I | [0], [101], [105], [112] | V1, Vowel | ✔ | set 11 | Punjabi | |
| U+0A08 | ਈ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER II | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Vowel | ✔ | set 12 | Punjabi | |
| U+0A09 | ਉ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER U | [0], [101], [105], [112] | V1, Vowel | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A0A | ਊ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER UU | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Vowel | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A0F | ਏ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER EE | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Vowel | ✔ | set 13 | Punjabi | |
| U+0A10 | ਐ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER AI | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Vowel | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A13 | ਓ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER OO | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Vowel | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A14 | ਔ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER AU | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Vowel | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A15 | ਕ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER KA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | set 16 | Punjabi | |
| U+0A16 | ਖ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER KHA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | C1, Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A17 | ਗ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER GA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | C1, Consonant | ✔ | set 4 | Punjabi | |
| U+0A18 | ਘ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER GHA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A19 | ਙ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER NGA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | set 2 | Punjabi | |
| U+0A1A | ਚ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER CA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A1B | ਛ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER CHA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A1C | ਜ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER JA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | C1, Consonant | ✔ | set 9 | Punjabi | |
| U+0A1D | ਝ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER JHA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A1E | ਞ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER NYA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A1F | ਟ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER TTA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | set 6 | Punjabi | |
| U+0A20 | ਠ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER TTHA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | set 7 | Punjabi | |
| U+0A21 | ਡ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER DDA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A22 | ਢ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER DDHA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A23 | ਣ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER NNA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A24 | ਤ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER TA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | set 3 | Punjabi | |
| U+0A25 | ਥ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER THA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A26 | ਦ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER DA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A27 | ਧ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER DHA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | set 10 | Punjabi | |
| U+0A28 | ਨ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER NA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A2A | ਪ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER PA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A2B | ਫ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER PHA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | C1, Consonant | ✔ | set 8 | Punjabi | |
| U+0A2C | ਬ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER BA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | set 5 | Punjabi | |
| U+0A2D | ਭ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER BHA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A2E | ਮ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER MA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | set 14 | Punjabi | |
| U+0A2F | ਯ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER YA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A30 | ਰ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER RA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | C2, Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A32 | ਲ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER LA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | C1, Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A35 | ਵ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER VA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | C2, Consonant | ✔ | set 17 | Punjabi | |
| U+0A38 | ਸ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER SA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | C1, Consonant | ✔ | set 15 | Punjabi | |
| U+0A39 | ਹ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER HA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | C2, Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A3C | ਼ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI SIGN NUKTA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Nukta | follows-C1 | ✔ | set 18 | = pairin bindi; Punjabi |
| U+0A3E | ਾ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI VOWEL SIGN AA | [0], [101], [105], [110], [112] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ✔ | = kanna; Punjabi | |
| U+0A3F | ਿ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI VOWEL SIGN I | [0], [101], [105], [112] | M1, Matra | follows-C-or-N | ✔ | set 19 | = sihari; Punjabi |
| U+0A40 | ੀ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI VOWEL SIGN II | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ✔ | set 20 | = bihari; Punjabi |
| U+0A41 | ੁ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI VOWEL SIGN U | [0], [101], [105], [112] | M1, Matra | follows-C-or-N | ✔ | set 24 | = aunkar; Punjabi |
| U+0A42 | ੂ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI VOWEL SIGN UU | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ✔ | set 25 | = dulainkar; Punjabi |
| U+0A47 | ੇ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI VOWEL SIGN EE | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ✔ | set 22 | = lanvan; Punjabi |
| U+0A48 | ੈ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI VOWEL SIGN AI | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ✔ | set 23 | = dulavan; Punjabi |
| U+0A4B | ੋ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI VOWEL SIGN OO | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ✔ | set 22 | = hora; Punjabi |
| U+0A4C | ੌ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI VOWEL SIGN AU | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Matra | follows-C-or-N | ✔ | = kanaura; Punjabi | |
| U+0A4D | ੍ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI SIGN VIRAMA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Virama | follows-C-or-N-and-precedes-C2 | ✔ | Punjabi | |
| U+0A5C | ੜ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI LETTER RRA | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Consonant | ✔ | Punjabi | ||
| U+0A70 | ੰ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI TIPPI | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Tippi | follows-C-N-or-specific-V-or-M | ✔ | Punjabi | |
| U+0A71 | ੱ | Gurmukhi | GURMUKHI ADDAK | [0], [101], [105], [112] | Addak | follows-C-N-or-specific-V-or-M-and-precedes-C3 | ✔ | set 21 | Punjabi |
Legend
Throughout this document, a code point sequence may be annotated with a string in ALL CAPS that is constructed on the same principle as a name for a Unicode Named Sequence. No claim is made that a sequence thus annotated is in fact a named sequence, nor that the annotation in such case actually corresponds to the formal name of a named sequence.
- Code Point
- A code point or code point sequence.
- Glyph
- The shape displayed depends on the fonts available to your browser.
- Script
- Shows the script property value from the Unicode Character Database. Combining marks may have the value Inherited and code points used with more than one script may have the value Common. Sequences are annotated with a set of all distinct script values.
- Name
- Shows the character or sequence name from the Unicode Character Database. Named sequences are listed with their normative names, for ad-hoc sequences the individual names are shown separated by “+”.
- Ref
- Links to the references associated with the code point or sequence, if any.
- Tags
- LGR-defined tag values. Any tags matching the Unicode script property are suppressed in this view. For sequences, the tags for all member code points are shown in [] for information; sequences as such do not have tags.
- Required Context
- Link to a rule defining the required context a code point or sequence must satisfy. If prefixed by “not:” identifies a context that must not occur.
- Variants
- Link to the variant set the code point or sequence is a member of, except where a coded point or sequence maps only to itself, in which case the type of that mapping is listed.
- Comment
- The comment as given in the XML file. However, if the comment for this row consists only of the code point or sequence name, it is suppressed in this view. By convention, comments starting with “=” denote an alias. If present, the symbol ⍟ marks a default item shared among a set of LGRs.
- ✔ - core repertoire
- A check mark in the Part-of-repertoire column indicates a code point is part of the core repertoire.
- ✗ - out-of-repertoire
- A code point shown with ✗ is not part of the repertoire. It is listed only because it is the target of an out-of-repertoire-var variant mapping.
Variants
Variant Set Summary
| Number of variant sets | 25 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Largest variant set | 4 | ||
| Ordinary Variants by Type |
|
||
| Reflexive Variants by Type |
|
Variant Sets
The following tables list all variant sets defined in this LGR, except for singleton sets. Each table lists all variant mapping pairs of the set; one per row. Mappings are assumed to be symmetric: each row documents both forward (→) and reverse (←) mapping directions. In each table, the mappings are sorted by Source value in ascending code point order; shading is used to group mappings from the same source code point or sequence.
Where the type of both forward and reverse mappings are the same, a single value is given in the Type column; otherwise the types for forward and reverse mappings, as well as comments and references, are listed above one another. For summary counts, both forward and reverse mappings are always counted separately.
A mapping where source and target are the same is reflexive. Variant sets consisting of only a single reflexive mapping are not shown as a set. Instead, the variant type of the mapping is listed in the Variants column of the Repertoire by Code Point table. Reflexive mappings that are part of a larger set are indicated with a “≡” and are counted once per entry.
In any LGR with variant specifications that are well behaved, all members within each variant set are defined as variants of each other; the mappings in each set are symmetric and transitive; and all variant sets are disjoint.
Common Legend
- Source
- By convention, the smaller of the two code points in a variant mapping pair.
- Target
- By convention, the larger of the two code points in a variant mapping pair.
- Glyph
- The shape displayed for source or target depends on the fonts available to your browser.
- → - forward
- Indicates that Type, Ref and Comment apply to the mapping from source to target.
- ← - reverse
- Indicates that Type, Ref and Comment apply to the reverse mapping from target to source.
- ↔ - both
- Indicates that Type, Ref and Comment apply to both forward and reverse mapping.
- ≡ - reflexive
- Indicates that Type, Ref and Comment are for a reflexive mapping where source equals target.
- Type
- The type of the variant mapping, including predefined variant types such as “allocatable” and “blocked”; or any that are defined specifically for this LGR. A reflexive variant type “out-of-repertoire-var” designates the target as not part of the repertoire; it is required as target for one or more variant mappings that cross repertoire boundaries. In this LGR, types for variant mappings between out-of-repertoire code points are shown in italic while types for pure in-repertoire variant mappings are shown in bold.
- Ref
- One or more reference IDs (optional). A “/” separates references for reverse / forward mappings, if different.
- Comment
- A descriptive comment (optional). A “/” separates comments for reverse / forward mappings, if different.
Variant Set 1 — 3 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0902 | ं | 0902 | ं | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 0902 | ं | 093A | ऺ | ↔ | blocked | ||
| 0902 | ं | 0A02 | ਂ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph | |
| 093A | ऺ | 093A | ऺ | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 093A | ऺ | 0A02 | ਂ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 2 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0907 | इ | 0907 | इ | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 0907 | इ | 0A19 | ਙ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 3 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0909 | उ | 0909 | उ | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 0909 | उ | 0A24 | ਤ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 4 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0917 | ग | 0917 | ग | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 0917 | ग | 0A17 | ਗ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 5 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0918 | घ | 0918 | घ | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 0918 | घ | 0A2C | ਬ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 6 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 091F | ट | 091F | ट | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 091F | ट | 0A1F | ਟ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 7 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0920 | ठ | 0920 | ठ | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 0920 | ठ | 0A20 | ਠ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 8 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0922 | ढ | 0922 | ढ | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 0922 | ढ | 0A2B | ਫ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 9 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0924 094D 0924 | त्त | 0924 094D 0924 | त्त | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 0924 094D 0924 | त्त | 0A1C | ਜ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 10 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 092A | प | 092A | प | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 092A | प | 0A27 | ਧ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 11 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 092A 094D 091F 093F | प्टि | 092A 094D 091F 093F | प्टि | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 092A 094D 091F 093F | प्टि | 0A07 | ਇ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 12 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 092A 094D 091F 0940 | प्टी | 092A 094D 091F 0940 | प्टी | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 092A 094D 091F 0940 | प्टी | 0A08 | ਈ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 13 — 3 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 092A 094D 091F 0946 | प्टॆ | 092A 094D 091F 0946 | प्टॆ | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 092A 094D 091F 0946 | प्टॆ | 092A 094D 091F 0947 | प्टे | ↔ | blocked | ||
| 092A 094D 091F 0946 | प्टॆ | 0A0F | ਏ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph | |
| 092A 094D 091F 0947 | प्टे | 092A 094D 091F 0947 | प्टे | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 092A 094D 091F 0947 | प्टे | 0A0F | ਏ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 14 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 092D | भ | 092D | भ | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 092D | भ | 0A2E | ਮ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 15 — 3 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 092E | म | 092E | म | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 092E | म | 09AE | ম | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph | |
| 092E | म | 0A38 | ਸ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph | |
| 09AE | ম | 09AE | ম | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 09AE | ম | 0A38 | ਸ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 16 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0935 | व | 0935 | व | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 0935 | व | 0A15 | ਕ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 17 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0939 | ह | 0939 | ह | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 0939 | ह | 0A35 | ਵ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 18 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 093C | ़ | 093C | ़ | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 093C | ़ | 0A3C | ਼ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 19 — 3 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 093F | ि | 093F | ि | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 093F | ि | 09BF | ি | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph | |
| 093F | ि | 0A3F | ਿ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph | |
| 09BF | ি | 09BF | ি | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 09BF | ি | 0A3F | ਿ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 20 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0940 | ी | 0940 | ी | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 0940 | ी | 0A40 | ੀ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 21 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0945 | ॅ | 0945 | ॅ | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 0945 | ॅ | 0A71 | ੱ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 22 — 4 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0946 | ॆ | 0946 | ॆ | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 0946 | ॆ | 0947 | े | ↔ | blocked | ||
| 0946 | ॆ | 0A47 | ੇ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph | |
| 0946 | ॆ | 0A4B | ੋ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph | |
| 0947 | े | 0947 | े | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 0947 | े | 0A47 | ੇ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph | |
| 0947 | े | 0A4B | ੋ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph | |
| 0A47 | ੇ | 0A4B | ੋ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 23 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0948 | ै | 0948 | ै | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 0948 | ै | 0A48 | ੈ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 24 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0956 | ॖ | 0956 | ॖ | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 0956 | ॖ | 0A41 | ੁ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Variant Set 25 — 2 Members
| Source | Glyph | Target | Glyph | Type | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0957 | ॗ | 0957 | ॗ | ≡ | out-of-repertoire-var | Out-of-repertoire | |
| 0957 | ॗ | 0A42 | ੂ | ↔ | blocked | Cross-script homoglyph |
Classes, Rules and Actions
Character Classes
| Number of named classes | 11 |
|---|---|
| Implicit (except script) | 4 |
| Implicit defined by script tag | 3 |
The following table lists all named and implicit classes with their definition and a list of their members intersected with the current repertoire (for larger classes, this list is elided).
| Name | Definition | Count | Members or Ranges | Ref | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | Tag=Consonant | 32 | {0A15-0A28 0A2A-0A30 0A32 0A35 0A38-0A39 0A5C} | Any Gurmukhi consonant | |
| V | Tag=Vowel | 10 | {0A05-0A0A 0A0F-0A10 0A13-0A14} | Any Gurmukhi independent vowel | |
| M | Tag=Matra | 9 | {0A3E-0A42 0A47-0A48 0A4B-0A4C} | Any Gurmukhi vowel sign (matra) | |
| N | Tag=Nukta | 1 | {0A3C} | The Gurmukhi Nukta | |
| V1 | Tag=V1 | 3 | {0A05 0A07 0A09} | Specific vowels that are used with Gurmukhi Addak | |
| V2 | combined = [[:V:] ∖ [:V1:]] |
7 | {0A06 0A08 0A0A 0A0F-0A10 0A13-0A14} | Specific vowels that are used with Gurmukhi Bindi | |
| M1 | Tag=M1 | 2 | {0A3F 0A41} | Gurmukhi short matras | |
| M2 | combined = [[:M:] ∖ [:M1:]] |
7 | {0A3E 0A40 0A42 0A47-0A48 0A4B-0A4C} | Gurmukhi long matras | |
| C1 | Tag=C1 | 6 | {0A16-0A17 0A1C 0A2B 0A32 0A38} | Specific consonants preceding Gurmukhi Nukta | |
| C2 | Tag=C2 | 3 | {0A30 0A35 0A39} | Specific consonants following Gurmukhi Halant | |
| C3 | combined = [[:C:] ∖ [0A19 0A1E 0A23 0A39 0A5C]] |
27 | {0A15-0A18 0A1A-0A1D 0A1F-0A22 0A24-0A28 0A2A-0A30 0A32 0A35 0A38} | Specific consonants following Gurmukhi Addak | |
| implicit | Tag=Addak | 1 | {0A71} | The character tagged as Addak | |
| implicit | Tag=Bindi | 1 | {0A02} | The character tagged as Bindi | |
| implicit | Tag=Tippi | 1 | {0A70} | The character tagged as Tippi | |
| implicit | Tag=Virama | 1 | {0A4D} | The character tagged as Virama | |
| implicit | Tag=sc:Beng | 2 | {09AE 09BF} | Any character tagged as Bengali | |
| implicit | Tag=sc:Deva | 23 | {0902 0907 0909 0917-0918 091F-0920 0922 092A 092D-092E 0935 0939-093A 093C 093F-0940 0945-0948 0956-0957} | Any character tagged as Devanagari | |
| implicit | Tag=sc:Guru | 56 | {0A02 0A05-0A0A 0A0F-0A10 0A13-0A28 0A2A-0A30 0A32 0A35 0A38-0A39 0A3C 0A3E-0A42 0A47-0A48 0A4B-0A4D 0A5C 0A70-0A71} | Any character tagged as Gurmukhi |
Legend
- Members or Ranges
- Lists the members of the class as code points (xxx) or as ranges of code points (xxx-yyy). Any class too numerous to list in full is elided with "...".
- Tag=ttt
- A named or implicit class defined by all code points that share the given tag value (ttt).
- Implicit
- An anonymous class implicitly defined based on tag value and for which there is no named equivalent.
- Combined
- A named class defined by set operations on other classes using the following syntax:
- [ ] - explicit character set
- For explicit character sets that are part of a rule, only those members are shown that are defined in this LGR.
- [: :] - named or implicit character set
- Reference to a named character set [:name:] or an implicit character set [:tag:]. A leading “^” before name or tag indicates the set complement.
- ∪, ∩, ∖, ∆ - set operators
- Sets may be combined by set operators (∪ = union, ∩ = intersection, ∖ = difference, ∆ = symmetric difference).
Whole Label Evaluation and Context Rules
| Number of rules | 7 |
|---|---|
| Used to trigger actions | 1 |
| Used as context rule (C) | 6 |
| Anchored context rules | 6 |
The following table lists all named rules defined in the LGR and indicates whether they are used as trigger in an action or as context (when or not-when) for a code point or variant.
| Name | Regular Expression | Used as Trigger |
Anchor | Used as Context |
Ref | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| leading-combining-mark | (start)[[\p{gc=Mn}] ∪ [\p{gc=Mc}]] |
✔ | Default WLE rule matching labels with leading combining marks ⍟ | |||
| follows-C1 | ([:C1:])← ⚓︎ |
✔ | C | Section 7.1. N: must be preceded by C1 | ||
| follows-C-or-N-and-precedes-C2 | ([:C:]|[:N:])← ⚓︎ →([:C2:]) |
✔ | C | Section 7.2. H: must be preceded by C or N and followed by C2 | ||
| follows-C-or-N | ([:C:]|[:N:])← ⚓︎ |
✔ | C | Section 7.3. M: must be preceded by C or N | ||
| follows-specific-V-or-M | ([:V2:]|\u0A09|([[:M2:] ∖ [\u0A42]]))← ⚓︎ |
✔ | C | Section 7.4. Bindi must be preceded by specific V or M | ||
| follows-C-N-or-specific-V-or-M | ([:C:]|[:N:]|([[:V1:] ∖ [\u0A09]])|[:M1:]|\u0A42)← ⚓︎ |
✔ | C | Section 7.5. Tippi must be preceded by C, N or specific V or M | ||
| follows-C-N-or-specific-V-or-M-and-precedes-C3 | ([:C:]|[:N:]|[:V1:]|\u0A10|[:M1:]|\u0A48)← ⚓︎ →([:C3:]) |
✔ | C | Section 7.6. Addak must be preceded by C, N or specific V or M and followed by C3 |
Legend
- Used as Trigger
- This rule triggers one of the actions listed below.
- Used as Context
- This rule defines a required or prohibited context for a code point C or variant V.
- Anchor
- This rule has a placeholder for the code point for which it is evaluated.
- Regular Expression
- A regular expression equivalent to the rule, shown in a modified notation as noted:
- ⚓︎ - context anchor
- Placeholder for the actual code point when a context is evaluated. The code point must occur at the position corresponding to the anchor. Rules containing an anchor cannot be used as triggers.
- (...)← - look-behind
- If present encloses required context preceding the anchor.
- →(..) - look-ahead
- If present encloses required context following the anchor.
- ( ) - group
- An anonymous nested rule is used to group match operators.
- (... | ...) - choice
- When there is more than one alternative in a rule, the choices are separated by the alternation operator (...|...).
- start or end
- (start) matches the start of the label; (end) matches the end of the label.
- [ ] - explicit character set
- For explicit character sets that are part of a rule, only those members are shown that are defined in this LGR.
- [: :] - named or implicit character set
- Reference to a named character set [:name:] or an implicit character set [:tag:]. A leading “^” before name or tag indicates the set complement.
- [\p{ }] - property
- Set of all characters matching a given value for a Unicode property [\p{prop=val}]. Note: uppercase “\P” defines the complement of a property set.
- ∪, ∩, ∖, ∆ - set operators
- Sets may be combined by set operators (∪ = union, ∩ = intersection, ∖ = difference, ∆ = symmetric difference).
- ⍟ - default rule
- Rules marked with ⍟ are included by default and may or may not be triggered by any possible label under this LGR.
Actions
The following table lists the actions that are used to assign dispositions to labels and variant labels based on the specified conditions. The order of actions defines their precedence: the first action triggered by a label is the one defining its disposition.
| # | Condition | Rule / Variant Set | Disposition | Ref | Comment | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | if label matches | leading-combining-mark | → | invalid | labels with leading combining marks are invalid ⍟ | |
| 2 | if at least one variant is in | {out-of-repertoire-var} | → | invalid | any variant label with a code point out of repertoire is invalid ⍟ | |
| 3 | if at least one variant is in | {blocked} | → | blocked | any variant label containing blocked variants is blocked ⍟ | |
| 4 | if each variant is in | {allocatable} | → | allocatable | variant labels with all variants allocatable are allocatable ⍟ | |
| 5 | if any label (catch-all) | → | valid | catch all (default action) ⍟ |
Legend
- {...} - variant type set
- In the “Rule/Variant Set” column, the notation {...} means a set of variant types.
- ⍟ - default action
- Actions marked with ⍟ are included by default and may or may not be triggered by any possible label under this LGR.
Note: The following variant types are used in one or more actions, but are not defined in this LGR: allocatable. This is not necessarily an error.
Table of References
The following lists the references cited for specific code points, variants, classes, rules or actions in this LGR. For General references refer to the References section in the Description.
| [0] | The Unicode Standard, Version 1.1 Any code point originally encoded in Unicode Version 1.1 |
| [101] | Gurmukhi Unicode chart (Accessed on 21 May 2018) https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0A00.pdf |
| [105] | Omniglot, https://www.omniglot.com/writing/punjabi.htm (Accessed on 10 Nov. 2017) |
| [110] | Gurmukhi Alphabet :: Lesson 11, “Gurmukhi Vowel Signs Group-1 Mukta and Kanna”, https://elearnpunjabi.com (Accessed on 10 Nov. 2017) |
| [112] | A reference Grammar of Punjabi, https://pt.learnpunjabi.org/assets/A%20Reference%20Grammar_Final.pdf (Accessed on 10 Nov. 2017) |
| [11] | The Unicode Standard, Version 6.0 Any code point originally encoded in Unicode Version 6.0 |