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Kathryn Carver

SVP, Government and Intergovernmental Organization Engagement

United States of America

Biography

Mandy (Kathryn A.) Carver is the Senior Vice President for Government and Intergovernmental Organization (IGO) Engagement. She leads the team to identify the opportunities and risks governments and IGOs pose to ICANN’s mission, and designs and implements efforts to promote robust government relations.

Mandy joined ICANN as the Deputy General Manager for Global Partnerships in November 2006, the first instance of an international engagement team at ICANN. She has served in several capacities at ICANN as Global Partnerships became Global Stakeholder Engagement (GSE) and subsequently Government Engagement as the organization evolved. She was promoted to Vice President Government Engagement - Global Coordination in 2013.

Her specialties are multistakeholder decision-making and conflict resolution. A health and human rights lawyer, Mandy Carver was formerly the Executive Director of The Concord Project, an international research and action project whose mission is to develop bridging social capital to strengthen cross-community organizations for communities in deep conflict. Prior to joining The Concord Project, she was a Senior Consultant at John Snow, Inc, a public health research, management, and consulting firm where she ran the Ryan White Care Act Technical Assistance program fielding a roster of 300 consultants working in a multistakeholder model with eligible communities to design and implement services for people living with HIV/AIDS. Earlier she was the Director of the Office of Patient Advocacy of the National Marrow Donor Program with responsibility for patient advocacy programs at 77 transplant centers and 104 donor centers to increase access to critical medical care.

Mandy Carver received her AB from Princeton University. She received her advanced degrees from the University of Minnesota, a JD winning the William O. Douglas Award for Constitutional Scholarship and an MPH in Epidemiology where she held an Adolescent Health Program post-doctoral fellowship. She clerked at the Minnesota Court of Appeals for Judge Harriet Lansing and Judge Edward Parker, and was in private practice for several years.


Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."