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ICANN 博文

敬请阅读 ICANN 的博文，了解最新政策制定活动和区域事务等等。

竞争、消费者信任和消费者选择 (CCT) 审核最新动态

2020 年 08 月 20 日
作者：
Maarten Botterman

Maarten Botterman

ICANN Board Member

Maarten Botterman is an independent strategic adviser on Internet governance and related issues with more than 25 years' experience in guiding governments and major organizations on the economic, business, and societal impacts of current and future Internet innovations and technologies. During those 25-plus years, he participated in and led more than 50 international projects and studies and published more than 80 peer-reviewed reports for governments and industry on Future Net issues with teams, including experts with advanced academic degrees from many disciplines, ranging from technology and mathematics to economics and law, and from many different countries and cultures.

Maarten was employed as Head of Unit and Senior Adviser to the Dutch Government (1987–1995) and as Scientific Officer to the Communications Technology Research program that was run by the European Commission (1995–1999). These years brought many insights about the public interest and governance aspects of the developing global, networked knowledge society. These insights were further deepened when working for RAND Corporation, setting up and running an Information Society policy practice in Europe (1999–2006), with an emphasis on policy evaluation and scenario planning. Since 2006, he has been working as an independent strategic adviser to governments and businesses in close cooperation with leading independent research institutions in Europe (including RAND Europe, TNO Netherlands, DTI Danmark, Inno France, and CIVIC Germany). Today, he is internationally recognized as a governance and future Internet expert and is a regular contributor to international Internet governance events such as the Internet Governance Forum, where he is leading the Dynamic Coalition for the Internet of Things.

Next to advising the Dutch government and the European Commission on Internet governance issues, he got deeply involved in ICANN's work as a Board member and Chairman of the Public Interest Registry (2008–2016), over time actively participating in more than 40 ICANN meetings. Having worked internationally since 1995, he has extensive experience in working with people from different national and cultural backgrounds, and is comfortable in engaging in English, German, French, and Dutch (mother tongue). He has a reputation as an independent, trustworthy, out-of-the-box thinker who is able to look at issues from several perspectives with strong awareness of the bigger picture. Having served on boards and having reported to boards, he has extensive experience with effective board governance and the responsibilities and obligations that come with a director's position on a U.S. nonprofit board. Over the years, he has been a frequent guest speaker and/or moderator, mostly at smart technology-related events.

Maarten holds an advanced degree in business economics from Erasmus University Rotterdam. He is a certified coach and has a certificate in medical-based knowledge, both of which help in better understanding of what drives people in decision-making and going through life. In addition, he has completed several board excellence trainings with internationally renowned institutions, including Harvard Business School, INSEAD, IMD, MIT, Yale School of Management, and Northwestern's Kellogg School of Management. His areas of interest include government, civil society, and technology.

Maarten is based in Rotterdam, Netherlands. He was nominated to serve on the ICANN Board by the Nominating Committee in 2016 and served as Board Chair from 2019 until 2022. His third and final term will expire at the Annual General Meeting in 2025.

2019 年 3 月，董事会针对竞争、消费者信任和消费者选择审核小组 (Competition, Consumer Trust, and Consumer Choice Review Team, CCT-RT) 的《最终报告》采取了行动。在此后的一篇博文中，前任董事会主席谢林·查拉比 (Cherine Chalaby) 解释了董事会针对 CCT-RT 的《最终建议》的考量过程，并给出了董事会决定分期实施建议的理由。

自董事会采取行动以来，这项重要工作还在稳步推进。我想给大家介绍一下这项工作进度的最新动态。

未决建议

董事会将 17 条建议（或部分建议内容）确定为未决状态。ICANN 组织正努力为董事会提供董事会决议的平衡记分卡中请求获得的额外信息。这份平衡记分卡详细列出了预期行动：ICANN 组织需分析和确定某一具体工作领域的缺漏事项，邀请一名第三方来分析所需数据类型，并汇报截至目前已经完成的工作。董事会承诺解决这些未决状态，一旦收到额外信息和 ICANN 组织回复了董事会的问题后，将针对这些建议采取适当行动。

ICANN 组织定期与董事会旗下的 CCT-RT 核心小组成员进行沟通，从而确定分析内容，并为董事会行动做好准备。根据现已完成的工作，董事会预计将在 2021 财年第一季度中针对某些这类建议作出决定。

已经采纳的建议

2019 年 9 月，ICANN 组织发布了针对 6 条已经采纳的建议的《实施规划》，并启动了一轮公共评议期。在审慎考量了已经收到的评论后，董事会于 2020 年 1 月通过了一项决议，指示 ICANN 首席执行官 (CEO) 根据这份实施计划执行已经采纳的 CCT-RT 建议。

尽管某些建议不会花费大量累计成本和资源，1但需要计入额外预算的建议（例如：建议 30：“向全球南方扩大和改善外展工作”）将被考量进入运营规划和预算编制流程，使得适当的社群能够按需加以考量，确定既定工作的主次先后。

建议 1：“数据搜集正规化和改进工作"将需要采取多阶段的实施方式。初步定义和规划阶段可依赖于现有资源；但这也会增加现有的运营活动，工作人员、采购和软件/各项工具等方面也可能会有累计成本。ICANN 组织正在执行定义阶段的初步工作。

ICANN 组织认定建议 31：“与公益性援助项目保持协调”需要取决于新通用顶级域 (gTLD) 后续流程政策制定流程 (PDP) 工作组针对公益性援助或申请人支持方面提出的建议。ICANN 组织预计公益性援助项目将为作为下一轮新 gTLD 整体实施计划的一部分。

最后，ICANN 组织将继续关注社群讨论，特别是有关 DNS 滥用行为的讨论，因为这些内容可能会影响到建议 17：“针对 gTLD 域名注册事务搜集数据，并公开发布相关方链。”正如这份实施计划指出，目前工作的推行符合现有的政策要求，但 ICANN 组织目前尚未规划实施工作。尽管这条建议已被视为编制完成，但 CCT-RT 还将建议 17 分配给了多个社群团体，因而此后的政策制定成果可能会影响到这条建议。任何未来的政策制定流程若编制出了具有约束力的共识性政策，则将要求 ICANN 组织重新审核这条建议的实施情况。

已推介建议

通用名称支持组织 (GNSO) 理事会已于 2019 年 9 月向董事会提交了初步回应，并指出 GNSO 理事会将把三条 CCT-RT 建议推介给相关的 PDP 工作组，并向董事会提供这一流程的最新动态。董事会将继续欢迎处理 CCT-RT 建议的任何指定社群团体汇报最新情况。

实施报告和跟踪

董事会和 ICANN 组织均致力于通过各种活动积极跟踪和汇报进度，例如：定期向董事会和社群发布最新动态、扩大项目管理力度、拓展最佳实践。《ICANN 章程 (ICANN Bylaws)》第 4.5 节规定《年度审核实施报告 (Annual Review Implementation Report)》中需要提供一份针对所有审核流程的实施状态概要。按照 ICANN 组织的定期发布周期，2020 财年的报告将于 2020 年 10 月发布。2

董事会衷心感谢社群对这一重要审核工作的持续关注并积极致力于在符合《ICANN 章程》规定的情况下，承担自身的责任。随着实施工作稳步推进，董事会还将继续与 CCT-RT 的实施监督人3展开交流，为社群提供最新动态。

1例如：建议 21 要求针对投诉发布更多信息；建议 22 则涉及健康和财务敏感信息的安全措施最佳实践。

2请参见：https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/annual-reviews-implementation-report-30jun19-en.pdf 查看 2019 财年的《年度审核实施报告》。

3实施监督人是审核团队成员中自愿针对各项建议提出的意图、理由、事实、预估时间表、成功实施的衡量标准等事务进行澄清的人员。请参见：https://community.icann.org/display/CCT/Implementation+Shepherds 获得更多信息。

Authors

Maarten Botterman

Maarten Botterman

ICANN Board Member
Maarten Botterman

Maarten Botterman

ICANN Board Member

Maarten Botterman is an independent strategic adviser on Internet governance and related issues with more than 25 years' experience in guiding governments and major organizations on the economic, business, and societal impacts of current and future Internet innovations and technologies. During those 25-plus years, he participated in and led more than 50 international projects and studies and published more than 80 peer-reviewed reports for governments and industry on Future Net issues with teams, including experts with advanced academic degrees from many disciplines, ranging from technology and mathematics to economics and law, and from many different countries and cultures.

Maarten was employed as Head of Unit and Senior Adviser to the Dutch Government (1987–1995) and as Scientific Officer to the Communications Technology Research program that was run by the European Commission (1995–1999). These years brought many insights about the public interest and governance aspects of the developing global, networked knowledge society. These insights were further deepened when working for RAND Corporation, setting up and running an Information Society policy practice in Europe (1999–2006), with an emphasis on policy evaluation and scenario planning. Since 2006, he has been working as an independent strategic adviser to governments and businesses in close cooperation with leading independent research institutions in Europe (including RAND Europe, TNO Netherlands, DTI Danmark, Inno France, and CIVIC Germany). Today, he is internationally recognized as a governance and future Internet expert and is a regular contributor to international Internet governance events such as the Internet Governance Forum, where he is leading the Dynamic Coalition for the Internet of Things.

Next to advising the Dutch government and the European Commission on Internet governance issues, he got deeply involved in ICANN's work as a Board member and Chairman of the Public Interest Registry (2008–2016), over time actively participating in more than 40 ICANN meetings. Having worked internationally since 1995, he has extensive experience in working with people from different national and cultural backgrounds, and is comfortable in engaging in English, German, French, and Dutch (mother tongue). He has a reputation as an independent, trustworthy, out-of-the-box thinker who is able to look at issues from several perspectives with strong awareness of the bigger picture. Having served on boards and having reported to boards, he has extensive experience with effective board governance and the responsibilities and obligations that come with a director's position on a U.S. nonprofit board. Over the years, he has been a frequent guest speaker and/or moderator, mostly at smart technology-related events.

Maarten holds an advanced degree in business economics from Erasmus University Rotterdam. He is a certified coach and has a certificate in medical-based knowledge, both of which help in better understanding of what drives people in decision-making and going through life. In addition, he has completed several board excellence trainings with internationally renowned institutions, including Harvard Business School, INSEAD, IMD, MIT, Yale School of Management, and Northwestern's Kellogg School of Management. His areas of interest include government, civil society, and technology.

Maarten is based in Rotterdam, Netherlands. He was nominated to serve on the ICANN Board by the Nominating Committee in 2016 and served as Board Chair from 2019 until 2022. His third and final term will expire at the Annual General Meeting in 2025.

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