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Contractual Compliance Reports 2010

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General Compliance Updates

  • Transfer problems most consistently top all consumer complaints received by ICANN. Usually, they represent 20 to 30 percent of complaints that ICANN processes. To address this issue, an IRTP Audit Plan was designed and developed by Contractual Compliance with input and feedback from a number of key registrar representatives and various ICANN departments. A beta test on the IRTP Audit Plan was conducted in May 2010. Click here to read the full audit report.
  • ICANN commenced a Port 43 Whois Access beta audit in October 2010 to assess whether registrar provide Port 43 Whois Access as required by RAA Section 3.3. ICANN developed a software tool that monitors registrars' Port 43 Whois availability. Beta audit findings will be published in February 2011.
Domain Name System
Internationalized Domain Name ,IDN,"IDNs are domain names that include characters used in the local representation of languages that are not written with the twenty-six letters of the basic Latin alphabet ""a-z"". An IDN can contain Latin letters with diacritical marks, as required by many European languages, or may consist of characters from non-Latin scripts such as Arabic or Chinese. Many languages also use other types of digits than the European ""0-9"". The basic Latin alphabet together with the European-Arabic digits are, for the purpose of domain names, termed ""ASCII characters"" (ASCII = American Standard Code for Information Interchange). These are also included in the broader range of ""Unicode characters"" that provides the basis for IDNs. The ""hostname rule"" requires that all domain names of the type under consideration here are stored in the DNS using only the ASCII characters listed above, with the one further addition of the hyphen ""-"". The Unicode form of an IDN therefore requires special encoding before it is entered into the DNS. The following terminology is used when distinguishing between these forms: A domain name consists of a series of ""labels"" (separated by ""dots""). The ASCII form of an IDN label is termed an ""A-label"". All operations defined in the DNS protocol use A-labels exclusively. The Unicode form, which a user expects to be displayed, is termed a ""U-label"". The difference may be illustrated with the Hindi word for ""test"" — परीका — appearing here as a U-label would (in the Devanagari script). A special form of ""ASCII compatible encoding"" (abbreviated ACE) is applied to this to produce the corresponding A-label: xn--11b5bs1di. A domain name that only includes ASCII letters, digits, and hyphens is termed an ""LDH label"". Although the definitions of A-labels and LDH-labels overlap, a name consisting exclusively of LDH labels, such as""icann.org"" is not an IDN."