ÿWPCÕ ›Ì‰ƥdlWÙ¦SöÒȲקfòãóNð µ…UýÊ p=þ©i¨ÆÁÜvÓ=>²€SÞuTÓÍüCÈÉÝ ÍîxùÃk>T¼f²$F7v”Î>rHdáò÷i¼æïŠ1›Ç&áóÅj6j(¹¢x€ó‰7¤pµªá7Ź–‡ .:Y¿Üc¢‰Â`n’ÕfÝõ]ƒgAÓÍhQòm´¾—*CÚG¬¾˜Û(› ¤I+|>&JÂy†RÛQ/yCÝ\0‰+­+ŽS€?ß^îvζ¼çw í%9£®c|­ÔM".V×FwfÑþ9 U9ø#á:P¤Xá³üÑRºUî õÜŽì]žýŒ¹Ú-‚‘Çöª¼‰äÄíã- a#Ë óÚ¦s褴bmþ¢ ŽÅ7³ëÞP'[:½ÐÈÀ^ehû^­@á¢3— uÁÛ|GuŠ>û¦«Œ#9?4f˜Ò+×CŠñúšÝR²÷ g}f}£U?‚f§ûê¦#>Á÷â}¼m;ˆ€¡àð{…ëc–E” º€ËªÎ“ÏæEBgá‹ßjÈ `¢0®™Ü"U BÜ %Ž$ 0”² 0–F 0Ü 0˜l 0’ 0Ì– 0Ïb 0Ò1 0Ò 0ÒÕ 0̧ 0zs 0Ìí 0̹ 0×… 0×\ 0ä3 0‚ 0Š™U.#Qn®a 0f#!uN–^ ˜w¤4¨¼ m¾ô\  `*Times New RomanTTô' ppendix D15 CAMBLER0CAMBLER .   hÿÿ:Default ParaDefault Paragraph FontÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔT! ÿÿ:endnote textendnote textÓ  ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  Ó^ÿÿ:endnote refeendnote referenceÔ  ÔÔ  ÔòòóóÔ  ÔÔ  ÔV! ÿÿ:footnote texfootnote textÓ  ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  Ó`ÿÿ:footnote reffootnote referenceÔ  ÔÔ  ÔòòóóÔ  ÔÔ  Ô85T ÿÿ,toc 1toc 1Ó  ÓÓ ÿÿÜ4ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>ÓÓ  Ó88T ÿÿ,toc 2toc 2Ó  ÓÓ ÿÿÜ4Œ ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>ÓÓ  Ó8;T ÿÿ,toc 3toc 3Ó  ÓÓÿÿÜ4Œ ä ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>ÓÓ  Ó8;T ÿÿ,toc 4toc 4Ó  ÓÓÿÿÜ4ä <ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>ÓÓ  Ó8;T ÿÿ,toc 5toc 5Ó  ÓÓÿÿÜ4<”ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>ÓÓ  Ó85T ÿÿ,toc 6toc 6Ó  ÓÓ ÿÿÜ4ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>ÓÓ  Ó8! ÿÿ,toc 7toc 7Ó  ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  Ó85T ÿÿ,toc 8toc 8Ó  ÓÓ ÿÿÜ4ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>ÓÓ  Ó85T ÿÿ,toc 9toc 9Ó  ÓÓ ÿÿÜ4ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>ÓÓ  Ó@8T ÿÿ0index 1index 1Ó  ÓÓ ÿÿÜ4Œ ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>ÓÓ  Ó@8T ÿÿ0index 2index 2Ó  ÓÓ ÿÿÜ4Œ ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>ÓÓ  ÓP5T ÿÿ8toa headingtoa headingÓ  ÓÓ ÿÿÜT$ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ>4ÿÿX°` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ (#>ÓÓ  Ó@! ÿÿ0captioncaptionÓ  ÓÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  Ó^ÿÿ:_Equation Ca_Equation CaptionÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ  Ô%ä2¼A`ArialTT3|x «ô\  `*Times New RomanTTôôCô\  PŽ6QôPô\  `*Times New RomanTTXXPô\  PŽ6QXPô\  `*Times New RomanTT  kô\  PŽ6Q P%ä2¼A`ArialTTomanTT;ä2¼P±ŠQP(>ÜF$¡¡Ô€X7XõôÔÔ€X7XXX7Ô˜HP LaserJet 4M Plus,ð,,,,,ð0ûB)ÞÏfA)0WŠ‚°_…ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀÝ ƒÜF!ÝÔ€X7XõôÔÔ€X7XXX7ÔÝ  ÝÒܰÒÒܰÒÔ€ D!XX7ÔÔ  Ôò òÔ_ÔAppendix€D15.2.2_A,€RRP€Protocol€Draftó óÐ ° ÐÔ€X7X! DÔÌÔ€aRXX7ÔÔ€/FaRÔInternet€Engineering€Task€Force€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€S.€HollenbeckÐ Ø( ÐInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€VeriSign,€Inc.ÌSeptember€21,€2000€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires:€March€21,€2001ÌÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€Generic€Registry„Registrar€Protocol€RequirementsÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ÌÌStatus€of€this€MemoÌÌ€€This€document€is€an€Internet„Draft€and€is€in€full€conformance€with€allÌ€€provisions€of€Section€10€of€RFC2026.ÌÌ€€Internet„Drafts€are€working€documents€of€the€Internet€Engineering€TaskÌ€€Force€(IETF),€its€areas,€and€its€working€groups.€€Note€that€otherÌ€€groups€may€also€distribute€working€documents€as€Internet„Drafts.ÌÌ€€Internet„Drafts€are€draft€documents€valid€for€a€maximum€of€six€monthsÌ€€and€may€be€updated,€replaced,€or€obsoleted€by€other€documents€at€anyÌ€€time.€€It€is€inappropriate€to€use€Internet„Drafts€as€referenceÌ€€material€or€to€cite€them€other€than€as€"work€in€progress."ÌÌ€€The€list€of€current€Internet„Drafts€can€be€accessed€atÌ€€http://www.ietf.org/ietf/1id„abstracts.txtÌÌ€€The€list€of€Internet„Draft€Shadow€Directories€can€be€accessed€atÌ€€http://www.ietf.org/shadow.html.ÌÌAbstractÌÌ€€This€document€describes€high„level€functional€and€interfaceÌ€€requirements€for€a€client„server€protocol€for€the€registration€andÌ€€management€of€Internet€domain€names€in€shared€Top€Level€Domain€(TLD)Ì€€registries.€Specific€technical€requirements€detailed€for€protocolÌ€€design€are€not€presented€here.€€Instead,€this€document€focuses€on€theÌ€€basic€functions€and€interfaces€required€of€a€protocol€to€supportÌ€€multiple€registry€and€registrar€operational€models.ÌÌConventions€Used€In€This€DocumentÌÌ€€The€key€words€"MUST",€"MUST€NOT",€"REQUIRED",€"SHALL",€"SHALL€NOT",Ì€€"SHOULD",€"SHOULD€NOT",€"RECOMMENDED",€"MAY",€and€"OPTIONAL"€in€thisÌ€€document€are€to€be€interpreted€as€described€in€[RFC2119].ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€1]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌTable€of€ContentsÌÌ€€1.€Introduction€.................................................€€€€4Ì€€1.1€Definitions,€Acronyms,€and€Abbreviations€....................€€€€4Ì€€2.€General€Description€..........................................€€€€6Ì€€2.1€System€Perspective€..........................................€€€€6Ì€€2.2€System€Functions€............................................€€€€6Ì€€2.3€User€Characteristics€........................................€€€€6Ì€€2.4€Assumptions€.................................................€€€€7Ð Ø-()B Ѐ€3.€Functional€Requirements€......................................€€€€8Ì€€3.1€Session€Management€..........................................€€€€8Ì€€3.2€Identification€and€Authentication€...........................€€€€8Ì€€3.3€Transaction€Identification€..................................€€€€8Ì€€3.4€Object€Registration€.........................................€€€€9Ì€€3.5€Object€Association€..........................................€€€10Ì€€3.6€Object€Update€...............................................€€€10Ì€€3.7€Object€Transfer€.............................................€€€11Ì€€3.8€Object€Renewal/Extension€....................................€€€12Ì€€3.9€Object€Existence€Query€......................................€€€13Ì€€3.10€Object€Deletion€............................................€€€13Ì€€3.11€Object€Information€Query€...................................€€€14Ì€€3.12€Domain€Status€Indicators€...................................€€€14Ì€€3.13€Transaction€Completion€Status€..............................€€€15Ì€€4.€External€Interface€Requirements€..............................€€€16Ì€€4.1€User€Interfaces€.............................................€€€16Ì€€4.2€Hardware€Interfaces€.........................................€€€16Ì€€4.3€Software€Interfaces€.........................................€€€16Ì€€4.4€Communications€Interfaces€...................................€€€16Ì€€5.€Performance€Requirements€.....................................€€€17Ì€€6.€Design€Constraints€...........................................€€€17Ì€€6.1€Standards€Compliance€........................................€€€17Ì€€6.2€Hardware€Limitations€........................................€€€17Ì€€7.€Service€Attributes€...........................................€€€18Ì€€7.1€Reliability€.................................................€€€18Ì€€7.2€Availability€................................................€€€18Ì€€7.3€Scalability€.................................................€€€18Ì€€7.4€Maintainability€.............................................€€€18Ì€€7.5€Extensibility€...............................................€€€19Ì€€8.€Other€Requirements€...........................................€€€20Ì€€8.1€Database€Requirements€.......................................€€€20Ì€€8.2€Operations€Requirements€.....................................€€€20Ì€€8.3€Site€Adaptation€Requirements€................................€€€20Ì€€8.4€Date€Format€Requirements€....................................€€€20Ì€€9.€Internationalization€Considerations€..........................€€€21Ì€€10.€IANA€Considerations€.........................................€€€21Ì€€11.€Security€Considerations€.....................................€€€22Ì€€12.€References€..................................................€€€23Ì€€13.€Author's€Address€............................................€€€23ÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€2]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ€€14.€Full€Copyright€Statement€....................................€€€23ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€3]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ1.€IntroductionÌÌ€€The€advent€of€shared€domain€name€registration€systems€illustrates€theÌ€€utility€of€a€common,€generic€protocol€for€registry„registrarÌ€€interaction.€€A€standard€generic€protocol€will€allow€registrars€toÌ€€communicate€with€multiple€registries€through€a€common€interface,Ì€€reducing€operational€complexity.€€This€document€describes€high€levelÌ€€functional€and€interface€requirements€for€a€generic€provisioningÌ€€protocol€suitable€for€registry„registrar€operations.€€DetailedÌ€€technical€requirements€are€not€addressed€in€this€document.ÌÌ€€This€document€is€being€discussed€on€the€"rrp"€mailing€list.€€To€joinÌ€€the€list,€send€a€message€to€€with€the€wordsÌ€€"subscribe€rrp"€in€the€body€of€the€message.€€There€is€a€web€site€forÌ€€the€list€archives€at€.ÌÌ1.1€Definitions,€Acronyms,€and€AbbreviationsÌÌ€€ccTLD:€Country€Code€Top€Level€Domain.€€".us"€is€an€example€of€a€ccTLD.ÌÌ€€CORE:€Council€of€RegistrarsÌÌ€€Exclusive€Registration€System:€A€domain€name€registration€system€inÌ€€which€registry€services€are€limited€to€a€single€registrar.€€ExclusiveÌ€€Registration€Systems€may€be€either€loosely€coupled€(in€which€case€theÌ€€separation€between€registry€and€registrar€systems€is€readily€evident),Ì€€or€tightly€coupled€(in€which€case€the€separation€between€registry€andÌ€€registrar€systems€is€obscure).ÌÌ€€gTLD:€Generic€Top€Level€Domain.€€".com"€is€an€example€of€a€gTLD.ÌÌ€€IANA:€Internet€Assigned€Numbers€AuthorityÌÌ€€IETF:€Internet€Engineering€Task€ForceÌÌ€€IP€Address:€Either€or€both€IPv4€or€IPv6€address.ÌÌ€€NSI:€Network€Solutions,€Inc.ÌÌ€€Object:€A€generic€term€used€to€describe€entities€that€are€created,Ì€€updated,€deleted,€and€otherwise€managed€by€a€generic€registry„Ì€€registrar€protocol.ÌÌ€€Registrant:€An€entity€that€registers€domain€names€in€a€registryÌ€€through€the€services€provided€by€a€registrar.€€Registrants€includeÌ€€individuals,€organizations,€and€corporations.ÌÌ€€Registrar:€An€entity€that€provides€front„end€domain€name€registrationÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€4]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ€€services€to€registrants,€providing€a€public€interface€to€registryÌ€€services.ÌÌ€€Registry:€An€entity€that€provides€back„end€domain€name€registrationÌ€€services€to€registrars,€managing€a€central€repository€of€informationÌ€€for€a€given€TLD.€€A€registry€is€typically€responsible€for€publicationÌ€€and€distribution€of€TLD€zone€files€used€by€the€Domain€Name€System.ÌÌ€€Shared€Registration€System:€A€domain€name€registration€system€in€whichÌ€€registry€services€are€shared€among€multiple€independent€registrars.Ì€€Shared€Registration€Systems€require€a€loose€coupling€betweenÌ€€registrars€and€a€registry.ÌÌ€€Thick€Registry:€A€registry€in€which€all€of€the€information€associatedÌ€€with€registered€entities,€including€both€technical€informationÌ€€(information€needed€to€produce€zone€files)€and€social€informationÌ€€(information€needed€to€implement€operational,€business,€or€legalÌ€€practices),€is€stored€within€the€registry€repository.ÌÌ€€Thin€Registry:€A€registry€in€which€some€element€of€the€socialÌ€€information€associated€with€registered€entities€is€distributed€betweenÌ€€a€shared€registry€and€the€registrars€served€by€the€registry.ÌÌ€€TLD:€Top€Level€Domain.€€A€generic€term€used€to€describe€both€gTLDs€andÌ€€ccTLDs€that€exist€under€the€top„level€root€of€the€domain€nameÌ€€hierarchy.ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€5]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ2.€General€DescriptionÌÌ€€A€basic€understanding€of€domain€name€registration€systems€providesÌ€€focus€for€the€enumeration€of€functional€and€interface€requirements€ofÌ€€a€protocol€to€serve€those€systems.€€This€section€provides€a€high„levelÌ€€description€of€domain€name€registration€systems€to€provide€context€forÌ€€the€requirements€identified€later€in€this€document.ÌÌ2.1€System€PerspectiveÌÌ€€A€domain€name€registration€system€consists€of€a€protocol€andÌ€€associated€software€and€hardware€that€permits€registrars€to€provideÌ€€Internet€domain€name€registration€services€within€the€TLDsÌ€€administered€by€a€registry.€€A€registration€system€may€be€shared€amongÌ€€multiple€competing€registrars,€or€it€may€be€served€by€a€singleÌ€€registrar€that€is€either€tightly€or€loosely€coupled€with€back„endÌ€€registry€services.€€The€system€providing€registration€services€for€theÌ€€.com,€.net,€and€.org€gTLDs€is€an€example€of€a€shared€registrationÌ€€system€serving€multiple€competing€registrars.€€The€systems€providingÌ€€registration€services€for€many€ccTLDs€and€the€.gov€and€.mil€gTLDs€areÌ€€examples€of€TLDs€served€by€a€single€registrar.ÌÌ2.2€System€FunctionsÌÌ€€Registrars€access€a€registry€through€a€protocol€to€register€objectsÌ€€and€perform€object€management€functions.€€Required€functions€includeÌ€€session€management;€object€creation,€update,€and€deletion;€and€objectÌ€€query.ÌÌ€€The€registry€generates€DNS€zone€files€for€the€TLDs€it€serves.€€TheseÌ€€zone€files€are€created€and€distributed€to€a€series€of€name€serversÌ€€that€provide€the€foundation€for€the€domain€name€system.ÌÌ€€Registries€also€provide€a€whois€search€capability€that€provides€basicÌ€€query€services€for€the€objects€managed€by€the€registry.€€RegistryÌ€€whois€services€may€be€centralized€or€distributed.€€A€centralizedÌ€€registry€whois€service€provides€information€access€to€all€registeredÌ€€objects€without€the€need€for€referral€to€other€whois€services.€€AÌ€€distributed€registry€whois€service€provides€basic€object€informationÌ€€at€the€registry€level,€and€requires€referral€to€other€registry€orÌ€€registrar€whois€services€to€obtain€information€for€objects€notÌ€€maintained€with€the€queried€registry.ÌÌ2.3€User€CharacteristicsÌÌ€€Protocol€users€fall€into€two€broad€categories:€registrars€who€developÌ€€or€use€protocol€client€implementations,€and€registries€who€develop€orÌ€€use€protocol€server€implementations.€€A€protocol€provides€a€looseÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€6]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ€€coupling€between€a€registry€and€the€registrars€that€access€theÌ€€registry.ÌÌ2.4€AssumptionsÌÌ€€There€is€one€and€only€one€registry€that€is€authoritative€for€a€givenÌ€€TLD.ÌÌ€€A€registry€can€be€authoritative€for€more€than€one€TLD.ÌÌ€€Some€registry€operations€MAY€be€billable.€€The€impact€of€a€billableÌ€€operation€SHOULD€be€mitigated€through€the€specification€of€non„Ì€€billable€operations€that€allow€a€registrar€to€make€informed€decisionsÌ€€before€executing€billable€operations.ÌÌ€€A€registry€MAY€choose€to€implement€a€subset€of€the€features€providedÌ€€by€a€generic€registry„registrar€protocol.€€A€thin€registry,€forÌ€€example,€might€not€provide€services€to€register€contact€information.Ì€€Specification€of€minimal€implementation€compliance€requirements€isÌ€€thus€an€exercise€left€for€a€formal€protocol€definition€document€thatÌ€€addresses€the€requirements€specified€here.ÌÌ€€A€protocol€that€meets€the€requirements€described€here€MAY€be€calledÌ€€something€other€than€"Generic€Registry€Registrar€Protocol".ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€7]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ3.€Functional€RequirementsÌÌ€€This€section€describes€the€complete,€high„level€requirements€for€aÌ€€generic€registry„registrar€protocol.€€Functional€requirements€defineÌ€€the€object€registration€and€management€services€that€must€be€providedÌ€€by€a€registration€system€provisioned€through€a€generic€registry„Ì€€registrar€protocol.ÌÌ3.1€Session€ManagementÌÌ€€[1]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€explicitly€establish€aÌ€€session€with€a€registry€server.ÌÌ€€[2]€In€a€connection„oriented€environment,€a€server€MUST€respond€toÌ€€connection€attempts€with€a€banner€that€identifies€the€server€and€theÌ€€default€server€protocol€version.ÌÌ€€[3]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€that€allow€a€client€to€requestÌ€€use€of€a€specific€protocol€version€as€part€of€negotiating€a€session.ÌÌ€€[4]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€that€allow€a€server€to€declineÌ€€use€of€a€specific€protocol€version€as€part€of€negotiating€a€session.ÌÌ€€[5]€A€session€MUST€NOT€be€established€if€the€client€and€server€areÌ€€unable€to€reach€agreement€on€the€protocol€version€to€be€used€for€theÌ€€requested€session.ÌÌ€€[6]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€explicitly€end€anÌ€€established€session.ÌÌ3.2€Identification€and€AuthenticationÌÌ€€[1]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€identify€registrar€clientsÌ€€before€granting€access€to€other€protocol€services.ÌÌ€€[2]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€authenticate€registrarÌ€€clients€before€granting€access€to€other€protocol€services.ÌÌ3.3€Transaction€IdentificationÌÌ€€[1]€Registry€operations€that€create,€update,€or€delete€objects€MUST€beÌ€€associated€with€a€registry„unique€transaction€identifier.€€TheÌ€€identifier€SHOULD€be€created€using€the€current€date€and€a€combinationÌ€€of€identification€information€assigned€by€and€unique€to€the€registryÌ€€(such€as€a€registrar€identifier)€and€information€assigned€by€andÌ€€unique€to€the€registrar€requesting€the€operation€(such€as€aÌ€€monotonically€increasing€transaction€number).ÌÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€8]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ€€[2]€A€generic€registry„registrar€protocol€MUST€provide€features€thatÌ€€allow€a€registrar€to€provide€a€transaction€identifier€when€performingÌ€€a€create,€update,€or€delete€operation.€€The€registry€MUST€associateÌ€€the€identifier€with€the€requested€operation,€and€MUST€return€theÌ€€identifier€to€the€registrar€upon€completion€of€the€operation.ÌÌ3.4€Object€RegistrationÌÌ€€[1]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€register€Internet€domainÌ€€names.€€The€registration€period€for€domain€names€MUST€be€measured€inÌ€€years,€with€a€minimum€period€of€one€year€and€a€maximum€period€definedÌ€€by€registry€policy.ÌÌ€€[2]€When€a€domain€name€has€been€successfully€registered,€the€protocolÌ€€MUST€return€a€definite€expiration€date€and€time€derived€from€theÌ€€requested€registration€period€and€the€date€and€time€of€initialÌ€€registration.ÌÌ€€[3]€A€request€to€register€an€object€MUST€include€a€transactionÌ€€identifier.€€The€transaction€identifier€MUST€be€returned€to€theÌ€€registrant€by€the€registrar€to€facilitate€authorization€of€futureÌ€€transfer€requests.ÌÌ€€[4]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€register€name€servers.€€NameÌ€€server€registration€MUST€NOT€be€limited€to€a€specific€period€of€time.Ì€€Name€servers€registered€within€the€registry's€authoritative€TLDs€MUSTÌ€€be€registered€with€a€valid€Internet€Protocol€(IP)€address.€€A€nameÌ€€server€MAY€be€registered€with€multiple€IP€addresses.€€An€IP€addressÌ€€MAY€be€shared€among€multiple€name€servers€using€distinct€server€names.Ì€€Name€servers€that€exist€in€TLDs€other€than€those€for€which€theÌ€€registry€is€authoritative€MUST€be€registered€without€an€IP€addressÌ€€providing€that€the€server€TLD€is€itself€a€valid€TLD.ÌÌ€€[5]€The€protocol€MUST€consider€that€the€name€server€associated€with€aÌ€€domain€might€not€be€registered€in€the€same€domain€or€even€in€a€TLD€forÌ€€which€the€registry€is€authoritative.€€This€means€that€IP€addresses€forÌ€€name€servers€whose€parent€domain€exists€in€another€TLD€MUST€beÌ€€registered€only€in€the€registry€that€is€authoritative€for€the€TLD€ofÌ€€the€name€server.€€Glue€records€(DNS€"A"€records)€MUST€NOT€be€createdÌ€€for€DNS€NS€records€for€which€the€registry€is€not€authoritative.ÌÌ€€[6]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€register€contact€informationÌ€€describing€human€and€organizational€entities.€€Contact€registrationÌ€€MUST€NOT€be€limited€to€a€specific€period€of€time.€€ContactÌ€€registration€MUST€include€a€name€(individual€name,€organization€name,Ì€€or€both),€address€(including€street€address,€city,€state€or€provinceÌ€€(if€applicable),€postal€code,€and€country),€telephone€number,€and€e„Ì€€mail€address.€€A€facsimile€telephone€number€MAY€be€provided.ÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€9]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ€€[7]€Telephone€numbers€associated€with€a€registered€object€MUST€conformÌ€€to€international€standards€for€telephone€number€formatting.ÌÌ€€[8]€All€registered€objects€MUST€be€referenced€using€identifiers€thatÌ€€are€unique€to€the€registry.€€For€example,€a€domain€name€MUST€be€uniqueÌ€€within€a€registry.€A€name€server€name€MUST€be€unique€within€aÌ€€registry.€€A€contact€identifier€MUST€be€unique€within€a€registry.ÌÌ€€[9]€A€registry€MUST€provide€services€to€support€a€configurable€graceÌ€€period€during€which€time€a€request€to€register€a€domain€name€or€otherÌ€€billable€object€can€be€undone€without€harm.ÌÌ€€[10]€All€registrars€MUST€be€authorized€to€register€objects€in€theÌ€€registry.€€Name€server€registration€MUST€be€limited€to€the€registrarÌ€€of€the€name€server's€parent€domain.€€Unauthorized€attempts€to€registerÌ€€a€name€server€in€a€parent€domain€administered€by€another€registrarÌ€€MUST€be€explicitly€rejected.ÌÌ3.5€Object€AssociationÌÌ€€[1]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€associate€name€servers€withÌ€€domain€names.€€A€domain€name€MAY€have€multiple€authoritative€nameÌ€€servers.€€A€name€server€MAY€be€authoritative€for€multiple€domainÌ€€names.ÌÌ€€[2]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€associate€IP€addresses€withÌ€€name€servers.€€A€name€server€MAY€have€multiple€IP€addresses.€€An€IPÌ€€address€MAY€be€associated€with€multiple€name€servers.ÌÌ€€[3]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€associate€contacts€withÌ€€domain€names.€Associated€contacts€name€MUST€be€identified€by€type.Ì€€Contact€types€that€MAY€be€associated€with€a€domain€name€includeÌ€€"registrant",€"technical",€"administrative",€and€"billing".€€AÌ€€registry€MAY€support€a€subset€of€these€contact€types.ÌÌ€€[4]€Some€managed€objects€represent€shared€resources€that€MAY€beÌ€€referenced€by€multiple€registrars.€€Requests€to€an€associate€a€knownÌ€€shared€resource€object€with€another€registered€object€MUST€NOT€beÌ€€limited€to€the€registrar€that€sponsors€the€registered€objects.€€ForÌ€€example,€server€ns1.example.com€(managed€by€registrar€X)€MAY€beÌ€€associated€with€both€domain€example.com€(managed€by€registrar€X)€andÌ€€domain€test.com€(managed€by€registrar€Y).€Registrar€X€maintainsÌ€€administrative€control€over€domain€example.com€and€serverÌ€€ns1.example.com,€and€registrar€Y€maintains€administrative€control€overÌ€€domain€test.com.€€Registrar€Y€does€not€have€administrative€controlÌ€€over€server€ns1.example.com.ÌÌ3.6€Object€UpdateÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€10]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ€€[1]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€update€informationÌ€€associated€with€registered€Internet€domain€names.€€Domain€name€updateÌ€€services€MUST€allow€changes€to€status,€associated€name€servers,€andÌ€€associated€contacts.ÌÌ€€[2]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€update€informationÌ€€associated€with€registered€name€servers.€€Name€server€update€servicesÌ€€MUST€allow€change€to€IP€addresses€and€server€name.ÌÌ€€[3]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€update€informationÌ€€associated€with€registered€contacts.€€Contact€update€services€MUSTÌ€€allow€change€to€all€attributes€associated€with€a€contact.ÌÌ€€[4]€Requests€to€update€registered€objects€MUST€be€limited€to€theÌ€€registrar€that€currently€sponsors€the€registered€object.€€UnauthorizedÌ€€attempts€to€update€a€registered€object€MUST€be€explicitly€rejected.ÌÌ3.7€Object€TransferÌÌ€€[1]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€transfer€domain€names€amongÌ€€authorized€registrars.€€Name€servers€registered€in€a€domain€beingÌ€€transferred€MUST€be€transferred€along€with€the€domain€itself.€€ForÌ€€example,€name€servers€"ns1.example.com"€and€"ns2.example.com"€MUST€beÌ€€implicitly€transferred€when€domain€"example.com"€is€transferred.ÌÌ€€[2]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€transfer€contacts€amongÌ€€authorized€registrars.ÌÌ€€[3]€Transfer€requests€MUST€be€initiated€by€the€registrar€who€wishes€toÌ€€become€the€new€administrator€of€an€object.ÌÌ€€[4]€A€transfer€request€MUST€include€the€transaction€identifierÌ€€associated€with€either€creation€of€the€object€or€the€most€recentlyÌ€€completed€transfer€of€the€object.ÌÌ€€[5]€A€transfer€request€MUST€include€a€new€transaction€identifier.€€TheÌ€€new€transaction€identifier€MUST€be€returned€to€the€registrant€by€theÌ€€registrar€to€facilitate€authorization€of€future€transfer€requests.ÌÌ€€[6]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€that€allow€the€requestingÌ€€registrar€to€cancel€a€requested€object€transfer€before€the€request€hasÌ€€been€approved€or€rejected€by€the€original€sponsoring€registrar.Ì€€Requests€to€cancel€the€transfer€of€registered€objects€MUST€be€limitedÌ€€to€the€registrar€that€requested€transfer€of€the€registered€object.€€AÌ€€request€to€cancel€the€transfer€of€an€object€MUST€include€theÌ€€transaction€identifier€associated€with€either€creation€of€the€objectÌ€€or€the€most€recently€completed€transfer€of€the€object.€€UnauthorizedÌ€€attempts€to€cancel€the€transfer€of€a€registered€object€MUST€beÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€11]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ€€explicitly€rejected.ÌÌ€€[7]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€that€allow€the€originalÌ€€sponsoring€registrar€to€approve€or€reject€a€requested€object€transfer.Ì€€Requests€to€approve€or€reject€the€transfer€of€registered€objects€MUSTÌ€€be€limited€to€the€registrar€that€currently€sponsors€the€registeredÌ€€object.€€A€request€to€approve€the€transfer€of€an€object€MUST€includeÌ€€the€transaction€identifier€associated€with€either€creation€of€theÌ€€object€or€the€most€recently€completed€transfer€of€the€object.Ì€€Unauthorized€attempts€to€approve€or€reject€the€transfer€of€aÌ€€registered€object€MUST€be€explicitly€rejected.ÌÌ€€[8]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€that€allow€both€the€originalÌ€€sponsoring€registrar€and€the€potential€new€registrar€to€become€awareÌ€€of€active€requested€transfers€and€transfers€completed€within€aÌ€€specific€time€period.ÌÌ€€[9]€Object€transfer€requests€MUST€NOT€be€acted€upon€without€giving€theÌ€€losing€registrar€an€opportunity€to€respond€to€the€request.€€A€registryÌ€€MUST€provide€services€to€support€a€configurable€period€during€whichÌ€€time€a€request€to€transfer€the€registration€of€an€object€MAY€beÌ€€approved,€rejected,€or€cancelled.ÌÌ€€[10]€A€registry€MUST€provide€a€default€transfer€action€in€case€ofÌ€€registrar€inaction.€€If€a€registry„specified€period€of€time€elapsesÌ€€without€explicit€approval,€rejection,€or€cancellation,€a€registry€MUSTÌ€€perform€the€default€transfer€action€on€behalf€of€the€requestingÌ€€registrar.ÌÌ€€[11]€Transfer€of€an€object€MAY€extend€the€object's€registrationÌ€€period.€€If€an€object's€registration€period€will€be€extended€as€theÌ€€result€of€a€transfer,€the€new€expiration€date€and€time€MUST€beÌ€€returned€after€successful€completion€of€a€transfer€request.ÌÌ€€[12]€Requests€to€initiate€the€transfer€of€a€registered€object€MUST€beÌ€€available€to€all€authorized€registrars.ÌÌ3.8€Object€Renewal/ExtensionÌÌ€€[1]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€renew€or€extend€theÌ€€registration€of€registered€domain€names.€€The€renewal€or€extensionÌ€€period€MUST€be€measured€in€annual€increments€subject€to€minimum€andÌ€€maximum€registration€periods€supported€by€the€registry.€€The€newÌ€€expiration€date€and€time€MUST€be€returned€after€successful€completionÌ€€of€a€renewal/extension€request.ÌÌ€€[2]€A€registry€MUST€provide€services€to€support€a€configurable€graceÌ€€period€during€which€time€a€request€to€renew€or€extend€the€registrationÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€12]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ€€of€a€domain€name€can€be€undone€without€harm.ÌÌ€€[3]€Requests€to€renew€or€extend€the€registration€of€registered€objectsÌ€€MUST€be€limited€to€the€registrar€that€currently€sponsors€theÌ€€registered€objects.€€Unauthorized€attempts€to€renew€or€extend€theÌ€€registration€of€registered€objects€MUST€be€explicitly€rejected.ÌÌ3.9€Object€Existence€QueryÌÌ€€[1]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€determine€if€a€domain€nameÌ€€exists€in€the€registry.€€Domain€names€MUST€be€searchable€by€fullyÌ€€qualified€name.ÌÌ€€[2]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€determine€if€a€name€serverÌ€€exists€in€the€registry.€€Name€servers€MUST€be€searchable€by€fullyÌ€€qualified€name.ÌÌ€€[3]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€determine€if€a€contactÌ€€exists€in€the€registry.€€Contacts€MUST€be€searchable€by€registryÌ€€identifier.ÌÌ€€[4]€A€query€to€determine€if€an€object€exists€in€the€registry€MUSTÌ€€return€only€a€positive€or€negative€response€so€that€server€softwareÌ€€that€responds€to€this€query€can€be€optimized€for€speed.ÌÌ€€[5]€Requests€to€determine€the€existence€of€a€registered€object€MUST€beÌ€€available€to€all€authorized€registrars.ÌÌ3.10€Object€DeletionÌÌ€€[1]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€remove€a€domain€name€fromÌ€€the€registry.€€Deleting€a€domain€name€MUST€also€delete€all€child€nameÌ€€servers.€€A€domain€name€MUST€NOT€be€deleted€if€child€name€servers€areÌ€€being€used€to€host€other€domain€names.ÌÌ€€[2]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€remove€a€name€server€fromÌ€€the€registry.€€Name€servers€MUST€be€referenced€by€fully„qualifiedÌ€€name.€€A€name€server€MUST€NOT€be€deleted€if€it€is€being€used€to€host€aÌ€€domain€name.ÌÌ€€[3]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€remove€a€contact€from€theÌ€€registry.€€Contacts€MUST€be€referenced€by€registry€identifier.€€AÌ€€contact€MUST€NOT€be€deleted€if€it€is€associated€with€a€domain.ÌÌ€€[4]€Requests€to€delete€a€registered€object€MUST€be€limited€to€theÌ€€registrar€that€currently€sponsors€the€registered€object.€€UnauthorizedÌ€€attempts€to€delete€a€registered€object€MUST€be€explicitly€rejected.ÌÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€13]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ3.11€Object€Information€QueryÌÌ€€[1]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€retrieve€informationÌ€€describing€a€domain€name€from€the€registry.€€Returned€information€MUSTÌ€€include€the€identifier€of€the€current€sponsoring€registrar,€theÌ€€identifier€of€the€registrar€that€originally€registered€the€domain,€theÌ€€creation€date€and€time,€the€expiration€date€and€time,€the€date€andÌ€€time€of€the€last€successful€update€(if€any),€the€identifier€of€theÌ€€registrar€that€performed€the€last€update,€the€date€and€time€of€lastÌ€€successful€transfer€request€or€completed€transfer€(if€any),€theÌ€€current€status€of€the€domain,€the€most€recent€creation€or€transferÌ€€transaction€identifier,€and€the€child€name€servers€registered€in€theÌ€€domain.€€The€most€recent€creation€or€transfer€transaction€identifierÌ€€MUST€be€returned€only€to€the€current€sponsoring€registrar.ÌÌ€€[2]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€retrieve€informationÌ€€describing€a€name€server€from€the€registry.€€Returned€information€MUSTÌ€€include€the€identifier€of€the€current€sponsoring€registrar,€theÌ€€identifier€of€the€registrar€that€originally€registered€the€nameÌ€€server,€the€creation€date€and€time,€the€date€and€time€of€the€lastÌ€€successful€update€(if€any),€the€identifier€of€the€registrar€thatÌ€€performed€the€last€update,€the€date€and€time€of€last€successfulÌ€€transfer€request€or€completed€transfer€(if€any),€the€IP€addressesÌ€€currently€associated€with€the€name€server,€and€the€most€recentÌ€€creation€or€transfer€transaction€identifier.€€The€most€recent€creationÌ€€or€transfer€transaction€identifier€MUST€be€returned€only€to€theÌ€€current€sponsoring€registrar.ÌÌ€€[3]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€to€retrieve€informationÌ€€describing€a€contact€from€the€registry.€€Contacts€MUST€be€referencedÌ€€by€registry€identifier.€€Returned€information€MUST€include€theÌ€€identification€attributes€of€the€contact€(name,€address,€telephoneÌ€€numbers,€and€e„mail€address),€the€identifier€of€the€registrar€thatÌ€€originally€registered€the€contact,€the€creation€date€and€time,€theÌ€€date€and€time€of€the€last€successful€update€(if€any),€the€identifierÌ€€of€the€registrar€that€performed€the€last€update,€the€date€and€time€ofÌ€€last€successful€transfer€request€or€completed€transfer€(if€any),€andÌ€€the€most€recent€creation€or€transfer€transaction€identifier.€The€mostÌ€€recent€creation€or€transfer€transaction€identifier€MUST€be€returnedÌ€€only€to€the€current€sponsoring€registrar.ÌÌ€€[4]€Requests€to€retrieve€information€describing€a€registered€objectÌ€€MAY€be€limited€to€the€registrar€that€currently€sponsors€the€registeredÌ€€object.€€Unauthorized€attempts€to€retrieve€information€describing€aÌ€€registered€object€MUST€be€explicitly€rejected.ÌÌ3.12€Domain€Status€IndicatorsÌÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€14]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ€€[1]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€status€indicators€that€identify€theÌ€€operational€state€of€a€domain€name.€€Indicators€MUST€be€provided€toÌ€€identify€a€newly€created€state€(the€domain€has€been€registered€but€hasÌ€€not€yet€appeared€in€a€zone),€a€nominal€active€state€(the€domain€can€beÌ€€modified€and€is€published€in€a€zone),€an€inactive€state€(the€domainÌ€€can€be€modified€but€is€not€published€in€a€zone€because€it€has€noÌ€€authoritative€name€servers),€a€hold€state€(the€domain€may€not€beÌ€€modified€and€is€not€published€in€a€zone),€a€lock€state€(the€domain€mayÌ€€not€be€modified€and€is€published€in€a€zone),€a€pending€transfer€state,Ì€€a€transfer€prohibited€state,€and€a€pending€removal€state.ÌÌ€€[2]€Indicators€for€hold€and€lock€status€MUST€be€available€to€allowÌ€€independent€setting€by€both€registry€and€registrar.ÌÌ€€[3]€A€domain€MAY€have€multiple€statuses€at€any€given€time.€€SomeÌ€€statuses€MAY€be€mutually€exclusive.ÌÌ3.13€Transaction€Completion€StatusÌÌ€€[1]€The€protocol€MUST€provide€services€that€unambiguously€note€theÌ€€success€or€failure€of€every€transaction.€€Individual€success€and€errorÌ€€conditions€MUST€be€noted€distinctly.ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€15]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ4.€External€Interface€RequirementsÌÌ€€External€interfaces€define€the€interaction€points€between€a€system€andÌ€€entities€that€communicate€with€the€system.€€Specific€areas€of€interestÌ€€include€user€interfaces,€hardware€interfaces,€software€interfaces,€andÌ€€communications€interfaces.ÌÌ4.1€User€InterfacesÌÌ€€[1]€A€generic€registry„registrar€protocol€MUST€NOT€define€any€featuresÌ€€that€introduce€user€interface€limitations.ÌÌ4.2€Hardware€InterfacesÌÌ€€[1]€A€generic€registry„registrar€protocol€MUST€NOT€define€any€featuresÌ€€that€introduce€hardware€interface€limitations.ÌÌ4.3€Software€InterfacesÌÌ€€[1]€A€generic€registry„registrar€protocol€MUST€NOT€define€any€featuresÌ€€that€introduce€software€interface€limitations.ÌÌ4.4€Communications€InterfacesÌÌ€€[1]€Registries,€registrars,€and€registrants€interact€using€a€wideÌ€€spectrum€of€communications€interfaces€built€upon€multiple€protocols,Ì€€including€transport€layer€protocols€such€as€TCP€and€application€layerÌ€€protocols€such€as€SMTP.€€A€generic€registry„registrar€protocol€SHOULDÌ€€be€serviceable€over€multiple€standard€communications€protocols.ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€16]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ5.€Performance€RequirementsÌÌ€€[1]€Run„time€performance€is€an€absolutely€critical€aspect€of€protocolÌ€€usability.€While€performance€is€very€heavily€dependent€on€the€hardwareÌ€€and€software€architecture€that€implements€a€protocol,€protocolÌ€€features€can€have€a€direct€impact€on€the€ability€of€the€underlyingÌ€€architecture€to€provide€optimal€performance.€€A€generic€registry„Ì€€registrar€protocol€MUST€be€usable€in€both€high€volume€and€low€volumeÌ€€operating€environments.ÌÌ6.€Design€ConstraintsÌÌ€€Protocol€designers€need€to€be€aware€of€issues€beyond€functional€andÌ€€interface€requirements€when€balancing€protocol€design€decisions.€€ThisÌ€€section€describes€additional€factors€that€may€have€an€impact€onÌ€€protocol€design,€including€standards€compliance€and€hardwareÌ€€limitations.ÌÌ6.1€Standards€ComplianceÌÌ€€[1]€A€generic€registry„registrar€protocol€MUST€conform€to€current€IETFÌ€€standards.€€Standards€for€domain€and€host€name€syntax,€IP€addressÌ€€syntax,€and€security€are€particularly€relevant.€€Emerging€standardsÌ€€for€the€Domain€Name€System€MUST€be€considered€as€they€approachÌ€€maturity.ÌÌ6.2€Hardware€LimitationsÌÌ€€[1]€A€generic€registry„registrar€protocol€MUST€NOT€define€any€featuresÌ€€that€preclude€hardware€independence.ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€17]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ7.€Service€AttributesÌÌ€€Elements€of€service€beyond€functional€and€interface€requirements€areÌ€€essential€factors€to€consider€as€part€of€a€protocol€design€effort.Ì€€This€section€describes€several€important€service€elements€that€MUST€beÌ€€addressed€by€protocol€designers,€including€reliability,€availability,Ì€€scalability,€and€maintainability.ÌÌ7.1€ReliabilityÌÌ€€[1]€Reliability€is€a€measure€of€the€extent€to€which€a€protocolÌ€€provides€a€consistent,€dependable€level€of€service.€€Reliability€is€anÌ€€important€attribute€for€a€domain€name€management€protocol.€€AnÌ€€unreliable€protocol€increases€the€risk€of€data€exchange€errors,€whichÌ€€at€one€extreme€may€have€a€direct€impact€on€protocol€usability€and€atÌ€€the€other€extreme€may€introduce€discontinuity€between€registry€andÌ€€registrar€data€stores.€€A€generic€registry„registrar€protocol€MUSTÌ€€include€features€that€maximize€reliability€at€the€application€protocolÌ€€layer.€Services€provided€by€underlying€transport,€session,€andÌ€€presentation€protocols€SHOULD€also€be€considered€when€addressingÌ€€application€protocol€reliability.ÌÌ€€[2]€Default€actions€for€when€a€request/event€times€out€MUST€be€wellÌ€€defined,€and€the€protocol€MUST€consider€the€risk/consequences€ofÌ€€losing€such€events.ÌÌ7.2€AvailabilityÌÌ€€[1]€Availability€is€a€measure€of€the€extent€to€which€the€servicesÌ€€provided€by€a€protocol€are€accessible€for€an€intended€use.Ì€€Availability€of€an€application€layer€protocol€is€primarily€dependentÌ€€on€the€software€and€hardware€systems€that€implement€the€protocol.Ì€€That€is,€the€systems€that€implement€the€protocol€MUST€themselves€beÌ€€inherently€available.€€As€such,€a€generic€registry„registrar€protocolÌ€€MUST€NOT€include€any€features€that€impinge€on€the€underlyingÌ€€reliability€of€the€software€and€hardware€systems€needed€to€implementÌ€€the€protocol.ÌÌ7.3€ScalabilityÌÌ€€[1]€Scalability€is€a€measure€of€the€extent€to€which€a€protocol€canÌ€€accommodate€use€growth€while€preserving€acceptable€operationalÌ€€characteristics.€€A€generic€registry„registrar€protocol€MUST€beÌ€€capable€of€operating€at€an€acceptable€level€as€the€load€on€registryÌ€€and€registrar€systems€increases.ÌÌ7.4€MaintainabilityÌÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€18]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ€€[1]€Maintainability€is€a€measure€of€the€extent€to€which€a€protocol€canÌ€€be€adapted€or€modified€to€address€unforeseen€operational€needs€orÌ€€defects.€€A€generic€registry„registrar€protocol€SHOULD€be€developedÌ€€under€the€nominal€working€group€processes€of€the€IETF€to€provide€aÌ€€well„known€channel€for€ongoing€maintenance.ÌÌ7.5€ExtensibilityÌÌ€€[1]€Extensibility€is€a€measure€of€the€extent€to€which€a€protocol€canÌ€€be€adapted€for€future€uses€that€were€not€readily€evident€when€theÌ€€protocol€was€originally€designed.€€A€generic€registry„registrarÌ€€protocol€SHOULD€provide€features€that€at€a€minimum€allow€for€theÌ€€management€of€new€object€types€without€requiring€revisions€to€theÌ€€protocol€itself.ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€19]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ8.€Other€RequirementsÌÌ€€Certain€aspects€of€anticipated€operational€environments€SHOULD€beÌ€€considered€when€designing€a€generic€registry„registrar€protocol.Ì€€Areas€of€concern€include€database€operations,€daily€operations,€siteÌ€€adaptation,€and€date€formatting.ÌÌ8.1€Database€RequirementsÌÌ€€[1]€A€generic€registry„registrar€protocol€MUST€NOT€have€any€databaseÌ€€dependencies.€€However,€efficient€use€of€database€operations€andÌ€€resources€MUST€be€considered€as€part€of€the€protocol€design€effort.Ì€€The€protocol€SHOULD€provide€atomic€features€that€can€be€efficientlyÌ€€implemented€to€minimize€database€load€for€anticipated€high€volumeÌ€€transactions.ÌÌ8.2€Operations€RequirementsÌÌ€€[1]€Registry„registrar€interactions€at€the€protocol€level€SHOULDÌ€€operate€without€human€intervention.€€However,€intermediate€servicesÌ€€that€preserve€the€integrity€of€the€protocol€MAY€be€provided.€€ForÌ€€example,€an€intermediate€service€that€determines€if€a€registrant€isÌ€€authorized€to€register€a€name€in€a€TLD€MAY€be€provided.ÌÌ8.3€Site€Adaptation€RequirementsÌÌ€€[1]€Registries€and€registrars€have€varying€business€and€operationalÌ€€requirements.€€Several€factors,€including€governance€standards,€localÌ€€laws,€customs,€and€business€practices€all€play€roles€in€determiningÌ€€how€registries€and€registrars€are€operated.€€A€generic€registry„Ì€€registrar€protocol€MUST€be€flexible€enough€to€operate€in€diverseÌ€€registry„registrar€environments.ÌÌ8.4€Date€Format€RequirementsÌÌ€€[1]€All€date€and€time€values€specified€in€the€generic€registry„Ì€€registrar€protocol€MUST€be€expressed€in€Universal€Coordinated€Time,Ì€€also€known€as€Greenwich€Mean€Time,€or€Zulu.€€Dates€and€times€MUSTÌ€€include€information€similar€to€that€available€in€the€following€format:ÌÌ€€€€YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.fffZÌÌ€€where€"YYYY"€represents€the€year,€the€first€"MM"€represents€theÌ€€calendar€month€(with€values€ranging€from€01€„€12€representing€JanuaryÌ€€through€December),€"DD"€represents€the€calendar€day,€"HH"€representsÌ€€the€hour€in€24„hour€format,€the€second€"MM"€represents€minutes,€"SS"Ì€€represents€seconds,€".fff"€represents€fractional€seconds,€and€"Z"Ì€€represents€Zulu€time.ÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€20]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ9.€Internationalization€ConsiderationsÌÌ€€[1]€Current€Internet€standards€restrict€the€encoding€of€Internet€hostÌ€€and€domain€names€to€a€subset€of€the€7„bit€US„ASCII€character€set.Ì€€Registries€and€registrars€now€serve€customers€whose€native€languagesÌ€€require€encodings€other€than€US„ASCII,€which€automatically€disallowsÌ€€use€of€those€languages€when€registering€host€and€domain€names.Ì€€Support€for€internationalized€host€and€domain€names€will€greatlyÌ€€increase€world„wide€usability€of€a€generic€registry€registrarÌ€€protocol,€so€standards€for€internationalized€host€and€domain€namesÌ€€MUST€be€considered€during€the€protocol€design€process.ÌÌ10.€IANA€ConsiderationsÌÌ€€IANA€has€assigned€several€TCP€and€UDP€ports€for€use€within€sharedÌ€€registration€systems.€€The€assignments€can€be€identified€in€two€broadÌ€€categories:€those€assigned€for€use€with€the€CORE€Shared€RegistryÌ€€System€Protocol€(SRSP)€and€those€assigned€for€use€with€the€NSIÌ€€Registry€Registrar€Protocol€(RRP).ÌÌ€€The€CORE€SRSP€assignments€are€as€follows:ÌÌ€€srssend€€€€€€€€€362/tcp€€€€SRS€SendÌ€€srssend€€€€€€€€€362/udp€€€€SRS€SendÌ€€srsp€€€€€€€€€€€€2682/tcp€€€SRSPÌ€€srsp€€€€€€€€€€€€2682/udp€€€SRSPÌÌÌ€€The€NSI€RRP€assignments€are€as€follows:ÌÌ€€rrp€€€€€€€€€€€€€648/tcp€€€€Registry€Registrar€Protocol€(RRP)Ì€€rrp€€€€€€€€€€€€€648/udp€€€€Registry€Registrar€Protocol€(RRP)ÌÌÌ€€These€assignments€SHOULD€be€preserved€as€long€as€the€correspondingÌ€€systems€are€operational.€€Additional€port€assignments€MAY€be€requiredÌ€€of€IANA€if€the€design€of€the€generic€registry„registrar€protocolÌ€€specifies€transport€using€TCP€and/or€UDP.ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€21]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ11.€Security€ConsiderationsÌÌ€€Several€security€services,€including€confidentiality,€authentication,Ì€€access€control,€integrity,€and€non„repudiation€MAY€be€applied€toÌ€€protect€interactions€between€registries€and€registrars.Ì€€Confidentiality€services€protect€sensitive€exchanged€information€fromÌ€€inadvertent€disclosure.€€Authentication€services€confirm€the€claimedÌ€€identity€of€registries€and€registrars€before€engaging€in€onlineÌ€€transactions.€€Access€control€services€control€access€to€data€andÌ€€services€based€on€identity.€€Integrity€services€guarantee€thatÌ€€exchanged€data€has€not€been€altered€between€the€registry€and€theÌ€€registrar.€€Non„repudiation€services€provide€assurance€that€the€senderÌ€€of€a€transaction€can€not€deny€being€the€source€of€the€transaction,€andÌ€€that€the€recipient€cannot€deny€being€the€receiver€of€the€transaction.ÌÌ€€[1]€Security€services€MUST€be€provided€to€protect€against€theÌ€€following€types€of€attack:€eavesdropping,€replay,€message€insertion,Ì€€deletion,€modification,€and€man„in„the„middle.€€A€registry€MUST€alsoÌ€€provide€mechanisms€to€protect€against€denial€of€service€attacks.ÌÌ€€[2]€This€document€describes€requirements€for€basic€user€identificationÌ€€and€authentication€services.€€A€generic€protocol€MAY€includeÌ€€additional€security€services€to€protect€against€the€attacks€describedÌ€€here,€or€a€generic€protocol€MAY€depend€on€lower„layer€protocols€toÌ€€provide€additional€security€services.ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€22]ÌÌInternet„Draft€€€€€€€€€€Generic€RRP€Requirements€€€€€€September€21,€2000ÌÌÌ12.€ReferencesÌÌ€€[RFC2119]€S.€Bradner:€"Key€Words€for€Use€in€RFCs€to€IndicateÌ€€Requirement€Levels",€BCP€14,€RFC€2119,€March€1997.ÌÌ13.€Author's€AddressÌÌ€€Scott€HollenbeckÌ€€VeriSign€Global€Registry€ServicesÌ€€21345€Ridgetop€CircleÌ€€Dulles,€VA€20166Ì€€USAÌ€€shollenb@netsol.comÌÌÌ14.€Full€Copyright€StatementÌÌ€€Copyright€(C)€The€Internet€Society€2000.€€All€Rights€Reserved.ÌÌ€€This€document€and€translations€of€it€may€be€copied€and€furnished€toÌ€€others,€and€derivative€works€that€comment€on€or€otherwise€explain€itÌ€€or€assist€in€its€implementation€may€be€prepared,€copied,€published€andÌ€€distributed,€in€whole€or€in€part,€without€restriction€of€any€kind,Ì€€provided€that€the€above€copyright€notice€and€this€paragraph€areÌ€€included€on€all€such€copies€and€derivative€works.€€However,€thisÌ€€document€itself€may€not€be€modified€in€any€way,€such€as€by€removingÌ€€the€copyright€notice€or€references€to€the€Internet€Society€or€otherÌ€€Internet€organizations,€except€as€needed€for€the€purpose€of€developingÌ€€Internet€standards€in€which€case€the€procedures€for€copyrights€definedÌ€€in€the€Internet€Standards€process€must€be€followed,€or€as€required€toÌ€€translate€it€into€languages€other€than€English.ÌÌ€€The€limited€permissions€granted€above€are€perpetual€and€will€not€beÌ€€revoked€by€the€Internet€Society€or€its€successors€or€assigns.ÌÌ€€This€document€and€the€information€contained€herein€is€provided€on€anÌ€€"AS€IS"€basis€and€THE€INTERNET€SOCIETY€AND€THE€INTERNET€ENGINEERINGÌ€€TASK€FORCE€DISCLAIMS€ALL€WARRANTIES,€EXPRESS€OR€IMPLIED,€INCLUDING€BUTÌ€€NOT€LIMITED€TO€ANY€WARRANTY€THAT€THE€USE€OF€THE€INFORMATION€HEREINÌ€€WILL€NOT€INFRINGE€ANY€RIGHTS€OR€ANY€IMPLIED€WARRANTIES€OFÌ€€MERCHANTABILITY€OR€FITNESS€FOR€A€PARTICULAR€PURPOSE.ÌÌAcknowledgementÌÌ€€Funding€for€the€RFC€Editor€function€is€currently€provided€by€theÌ€€Internet€Society.ÌÌÌÌÌÌHollenbeck€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Expires€March€21,€2001€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€[Page€23]Ô€XXXÔÔW€ô\ 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