This document is mechanically formatted from the XML file for the LGR. It provides additional summary data and explanatory text. The XML file remains the sole normative specification of the LGR.
Date | 2016-08-30 |
---|---|
LGR Version | 1 |
Language | rus-Cyrl |
Unicode Version | 6.3.0 |
This document specifies a reference set of Label Generation Rules for Russian using a limited repertoire as appropriate for a second level domain.
All references converge on 33 Cyrillic code points (23 +10 as defined by RFC 5992 [130]).
There is an IDN table published in the IANA Repository of IDN Practices for Russian by .ru (Russia cctld) [700]. There are other new Cyrillic TLDs created in Russia, but they all use the same repertoire as .ru.
In Russian, the acute accent may be used as a stress mark on the vowel of a syllable or to disambiguate between minimal pairs. However, it is restricted to dictionaries and educational materials. See Stress and Disambiguation in [ACUTE].
Four code points: U+0456 (і) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER BYELORUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN I, U+0463 (ѣ) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YAT, U+0473 (ѳ) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER FITA, and U+0475 (ѵ) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IZHITSA were abolished from use in 1918; therefore they are not in modern use.
Letters documented in some references but not included:
U+0456 (і) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER BYELORUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN I
U+0463 (ѣ) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YAT
U+0473 (ѳ) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER FITA
U+0475 (ѵ) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IZHITSA
U+0430 U+0301 (а́) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE ACCENT
U+0435 U+0301 (е́) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IE WITH ACUTE ACCENT
U+0438 U+0301 (и́) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE ACCENT
U+043E U+0301 (о́) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE ACCENT
U+0443 U+0301 (у́) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE ACCENT
U+044B U+0301 (ы́) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YERU WITH ACUTE ACCENT
U+044D U+0301 (э́) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE ACCENT
U+044E U+0301 (ю́) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YU WITH ACUTE ACCENT
U+044F U+0301 (я́) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YA WITH ACUTE ACCENT
None.
None.
Note: a study of the variant relationship concerning U+0435 (е) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IE and U+0451 (ё) CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IO was undertaken in the context of Russian by a Cyrillic case study team in [CYRILLIC-VIP]. The expert team concluded: "...even if relationships between these two characters might look as variant-like, they are not symmetrical and these two letters are not considered equivalents in Russian language." (page 5, section 3.1)
This LGR defines no named character classes.
Common rules only:
Hyphen Restrictions — restrictions on the allowable placement of hyphens (no leading/ending hyphen and no hyphen in positions 3 and 4). These restrictions are described in section 4.2.3.1 of RFC5891 [120]. They are implemented here as context rule on U+002D (-) (-) HYPHEN-MINUS.
Leading Combining Marks — restrictions on the allowable placement of combining marks (no leading combining mark). This rule is described in section 4.2.3.2 of RFC5891 [120].
Actions included are the default actions for LGRs as well as those needed to invalidate labels with misplaced combining marks.
Variant-related actions included to facilitate integration as appropriate.
This reference LGR for Russian for the 2nd Level has been developed by Michel Suignard and Asmus Freytag, verified in expert reviews by Michael Everson, Nicholas Ostler, and Wil Tan, and based on multiple open public consultations.
General references for the language:
Barry, Randall K. 1997. ALA-LC romanization tables: transliteration schemes for non-Roman scripts. Washington: Library of Congress Cataloging Distribution Service. ISBN 0-8444-0940-5
Timberlake, Alan. 1993."Russian", in Bernard Comrie & Greville G. Corbett, eds. The Slavonic languages. London; New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-04755-2
Смирницкий, А И. 1989. Русско-английскиѝ словарь = Russian-English dictionary. Москва: Русский язык. ISBN 5-200-00-718-6
Other references cited in this document:
In the listing of the repertoire by code point, references starting from [0] refer to the version of the Unicode Standard in which the corresponding code point was initially encoded. Other references, (starting from [100]) document usage of code points. For more details, see the Table of References below.
Number of elements in Repertoire | 44 |
---|---|
Total entries in table | 44 |
Longest code point sequence | 1 |
The following table lists the repertoire by code point (or code point sequence). The data in the Script and Name column are extracted from the Unicode character database. Where a comment in the original LGR is equal to the character name, it has been suppressed.
Code Point |
Glyph | Script | Name | References | Tags | Required Context | Part of Repertoire |
Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
U+002D | - | Common | HYPHEN-MINUS | [0] | sc:Zyyy | not: hyphen-minus-disallowed | ✔ | |
U+0030 | 0 | Common | DIGIT ZERO | [0] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0031 | 1 | Common | DIGIT ONE | [0] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0032 | 2 | Common | DIGIT TWO | [0] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0033 | 3 | Common | DIGIT THREE | [0] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0034 | 4 | Common | DIGIT FOUR | [0] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0035 | 5 | Common | DIGIT FIVE | [0] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0036 | 6 | Common | DIGIT SIX | [0] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0037 | 7 | Common | DIGIT SEVEN | [0] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0038 | 8 | Common | DIGIT EIGHT | [0] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0039 | 9 | Common | DIGIT NINE | [0] | sc:Zyyy | ✔ | ||
U+0430 | а | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER A | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0431 | б | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER BE | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0432 | в | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER VE | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0433 | г | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER GHE | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0434 | д | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER DE | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0435 | е | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IE | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0436 | ж | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ZHE | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0437 | з | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ZE | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0438 | и | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER I | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0439 | й | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SHORT I | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+043A | к | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER KA | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+043B | л | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EL | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+043C | м | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EM | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+043D | н | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EN | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+043E | о | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER O | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+043F | п | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER PE | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0440 | р | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ER | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0441 | с | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ES | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0442 | т | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER TE | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0443 | у | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER U | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0444 | ф | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER EF | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0445 | х | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER HA | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0446 | ц | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER TSE | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0447 | ч | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER CHE | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0448 | ш | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SHA | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0449 | щ | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SHCHA | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+044A | ъ | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER HARD SIGN | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+044B | ы | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YERU | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+044C | ь | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER SOFT SIGN | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+044D | э | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER E | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+044E | ю | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YU | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+044F | я | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER YA | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ | ||
U+0451 | ё | Cyrillic | CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IO | [0], [100], [130], [201], [301], [401], [700] | sc:Cyrl | ✔ |
This LGR does not specify any variants.
The following table lists all named classes with their definition and a list of their members intersected with the current repertoire (for larger classes, this list is elided).
Name | Definition | Count | Members or Ranges | Ref | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
implicit | Tag=sc:Cyrl | 33 Elements: | {0430-044F 0451} | ||
implicit | Tag=sc:Zyyy | 11 Elements: | {002D 0030-0039} |
The following table lists all named rules defined in the LGR and indicates whether they are used as trigger in an action or as context (when or not-when) for a code point. (Any use of context rules for variants is not indicated).
Name | Used as Trigger |
Used as Context |
Anchor | Regular Expression | Ref | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
leading-combining-mark | ✔ | (^[∅=[[∅=\p{gc=Mn}][∅=\p{gc=Mc}]]]) |
[120] | RFC5891 restrictions on placement of combining marks | ||
hyphen-minus-disallowed | ✔ | ✔ | ((((?<=^)⚓)|(⚓(?=$))|((?<=^..\u002D)⚓))) |
[120] | RFC5891 restrictions on placement of U+002D | |
extended-cp | (^$) |
code points from the extended range |
Note: The following rules are defined but not used in this LGR: extended-cp.
The following table lists the actions that are used to assign dispositions to labels and variant labels, based on the specified conditions. The order of actions defines their precedence: the first action triggered by a label is the one defining its disposition.
# | Condition | Rule / Variant Set | Disposition | Ref | Comment | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | if label matches | leading-combining-mark | → | invalid | by default, labels with leading combining marks are invalid | |
2 | if any label (catch-all) | → | valid | catch all (default action) |
[0] | The Unicode Consortium. The Unicode Standard, Version 6.3.0, (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2013. ISBN 978-1-936213-08-5) Any code point cited was originally encoded in Unicode Version 1.1 |
[100] | Internetstiftelsen i Sverige (IIS), Russian https://github.com/dotse/IDN-ref-tables/blob/master/language-tables/russian-lang-ref-table.txt |
[120] | RFC5891, Internationalized Domain Names in Applications (IDNA): Protocol http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5891 |
[130] | RFC5992, Internationalized Domain Names Registration and Administration Guidelines for European Languages Using Cyrillic - section 2.7 Russian https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5992 |
[201] | Omniglot Russian http://www.omniglot.com/writing/russian.htm |
[301] | Everson, Michael, The Alphabets of Europe, Russian http://evertype.com/alphabets/russian.pdf Code points cited form the standard set |
[304] | Everson, Michael, The Alphabets of Europe, Russian http://evertype.com/alphabets/russian.pdf Code points cited are rare or archaic |
[401] | The Unicode Consortium, Common Locale Data Repository - CLDR Version 28 (2015-09-16) - Locale Data Summary for Russian [ru]- http://www.unicode.org/cldr/charts/28/summary/ru.html Code points cited are from the set of Main Letters |
[700] | Coordination Center for TLD RU (.ru Russia cctld) http://www.iana.org/domains/idn-tables/tables/ru_ru-ru_1.0.html |